the GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER PROJECT of Mu’ammar al-Qathafi

Great Man Made River – the Great Man-Made River

Great-Man-Made-River

In 1996, during the opening of Phase II of the Great Man-Made River Project, Muammar al-Qathafi said:

“…This is the biggest answer to America and all the evil forces who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism.

We are only concerned with peace and progress. America is against life and progress; it pushes the world toward darkness…..”

In the ninth month of the year (1984) began work on a Great Man Made River to transport groundwater basins infidels and bed and Tazrbu and Fezzan in the south to the cities of Benghazi and Sirte and Tripoli, Tobruk and other coastal cities in the north through the system, huge pipes huge total extension of about (3.380) kilometers was set up two plants in the bed and Brega for the provision of these tubes made of material concrete the previous stress and is buried in the trenches of the underground at a depth of (7) meters have been drilled (960) wells at depths ranging from (450) meters, and between (650) meters in the basin Tazrbu bed and Fezzan and Kufra.

Achievements of Leader Muammar Gaddafi …
Industrial River brought water out of the cavity desert فيروى to Libya, east and west makes Libya Committee …
Amjad maker

The 1st of September marks the anniversary of the opening of the major stage of Libya’s Great Man-Made River Project. This incredibly huge and successful water scheme is virtually unknown in the West, yet it rivals and even surpasses all our greatest development projects. The leader of the so-called advanced countries, the United States of America cannot bring itself to acknowledge Libya’s Great Man-Made River. The West refuses to recognize that a small country, with a population no more than four million, can construct anything so largewithout borrowing a single cent from the international banks.

…In the 1960s during oil exploration deep in the southern Libyan desert, vast reservoirs of high quality water were discovered in the form of aquifers. …

…In Libya there are four major underground basins, these being the Kufra basin, the Sirt basin, the Morzuk basin and the Hamada basin, the first three of which contain combined reserves of 35,000 cubic kilometres of water. These vast reserves offer almost unlimited amounts of water for the Libyan people.

The people of Libya under the guidance of their leader, Colonel Muammar Al Qadhafi, initiated a series of scientific studies on the possibility of accessing this vast ocean of fresh water. Early consideration was given to developing new agricultural projects close to the sources of the water, in the desert. However, it was realized that on the scale required to provide products for self sufficiency, a very large infrastructure organization would be required. In addition to this, a major redistribution of the population from the coastal belt would be necessary. The alternative was to ‘bring the water to the people’.

In October 1983, the Great Man-made River Authority was created and invested with the responsibility of taking water from the aquifers in the south, and conveying it by the most economical and practical means for use, predominantly for irrigation, in the Libyan coastal belt.

By 1996 the Great Man-Made River Project had reached one of its final stages, the gushing forth of sweet unpolluted water to the homes and gardens of the citizens of Libya’s capital Tripoli. Louis Farrakhan, who took part in the opening ceremony of this important stage of the project, described the Great Man-Made River as “another miracle in the desert.” Speaking at the inauguration ceremony to an audience that included Libyans and many foreign guests, Col. Qadhafi said the project “was the biggest answer to America… who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism.”

The Great Man-Made River, as the largest water transport project ever undertaken, has been described as the “eighth wonder of the world”. It carries more than five million cubic metres of water per day across the desert to coastal areas, vastly increasing the amount of arable land. The total cost of the huge project is expected to exceed 19.42€ billion (US).

Consisting of a network of pipes buried underground to eliminate evaporation, four meters in diameter, the project extends for four thousand kilometres far deep into the desert. All material is locally engineered and manufactured. Underground water is pumped from 270 wells hundreds of meters deep into reservoirs that feed the network. The cost of one cubic meter of water equals 35 cents. The cubic meter of desalinized water is 2.91€. Scientists estimate the amount of water to be equivalent to the flow of 200 years of water in the Nile River.

The goal of the Libyan Arab people, embodied in the Great Man-Made River project, is to make Libya a source of agricultural abundance, capable of producing adequate food and water to supply its own needs and to share with neighboring countries. In short, the River is literally Libya’s ‘meal ticket’ to self-sufficiency.

Self-sufficiency?!? Absolutely Not Allowed. Banksters don’t like that sort of thing one bit.

This project has been in the works for many years. Have you ever heard of it? We had not until today.

Underground “Fossil Water” Running Out, National Geographic, May 2010

Libya turns on the Great Man-Made River, by Marcia Merry, Printed in the Executive Intelligence Review, September 1991

A gala ceremony was held in Libya at the end of August, at which Libyan leaders “turned on the tap” of the Great Man-Made River, the water pipeline/viaduct project designed to bring millions of liters of water from beneath the Sahara Desert, northward to the Benghazi region on the Mediterranean coast. The inauguration marked the end of Phase I of the project, which is slated for completion in 1996.

Under the giant scheme, water is pumped from aquifers under the Sahara in the southern part of the country, where underground water resources extend into Egypt and Sudan. Then the water is transported by reinforced concrete pipeline to northern destinations. Construction on the first phase started in 1984, and cost about 3.88€ billion. The completed project may total 19.42€ billion. South Korean construction experts built the huge pipes in Libya by some of the most modern techniques. The engineering feat involves collecting water from 270 wells in east central Libya, and transporting it through about 2,000 kilometers of pipeline to Benghazi and Sirte. The new “river” brings 2 million cubic meters of water a day. At completion, the system will involve 4,000 kilometers of pipepines, and two aqueducts of some 1,000 kilometers. Joining in celebrating the inauguration of the artificial river were dozens of Arab and African heads of state and hundreds of other foreign diplomats and delegations. Among them were Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, King Hassan of Morocco, the head of Sudan, Gen. Omar El Beshir, and Djibouti’s President Hassan Julied.

Col. Muammar Qaddafi told the celebrants: “After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double…. The United States will make excuses, [but] the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.” Qaddafi presented the project to the cheering crowd as a gift to the Third World.

Mubarak spoke at the ceremony and stressed the regional importance of the project. Qaddafi has called on Egyptian farmers to come and work in Libya, where there are only 4 million inhabitants. Egypt’s population of 55 million is crowded in narrow bands along the Nile River and delta region. Over the last 20 years, the water improvement projects envisioned for Egypt, which could provide more water and more hectares of agricultural and residential land, have been repeatedly sabotaged by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, and the Anglo-American financial interests behind them.

In the 1970s, Qaddafi expelled many Egyptian families from Libya, but over the recent months the two countries have become close once again. There are plans to build a railway line to facilitate travel back and forth. There is also a standing commission between Sudan and Libya for integrating economic activity.

Over 95% of Libya is desert, and the new water sources can open up thousands of hectares of irrigated farmland. At present over 80% of the country’s agriculture production comes from the coastal regions, where local aquifers have been overpumped, and salt water intrusion is taking place. The Great Man-Made River will relieve this. The water now flowing will immediately supplement supplies for domestic and industrial needs in Benghazi and Sirte. But Libyan officials plan for 80% of the overall project’s flow to eventually be used for irrigating old farms, and reclaiming some desert lands. Since 20% of Libya’s imports are foodstuffs, expanded water supplies are a means to greater self-sufficiency. The Great Man-Made River project and its objectives fly in the face of the water-control schemes sanctioned by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. These institutions have blocked work on other “great projects” such as the Jonglei Canal–the huge ditch that was designed as a straight channel on the upper White Nile in southern Sudan. The Jonglei Canal, which stands half-finished and abandoned at present, would have drained swamplands, aided agriculture, transportation, power resources, and health, and provided expanded flow to the Nile River all the way down to Egypt. The World Bank and the U.S. State Department are backing a “Middle East Water Summit” in Turkey this November, which is intended to promote only politically favored projects such as desalination plants in Saudi Arabia, and water shortages elsewhere.

London and Washington circles were apoplectic about the opening of the new Libyan water project. The London Financial Times ran criticisms of the project from Angus Henley of the London-based Middle East Economic Digest. The pipeline, he said, was “Qaddafi’s pet project. He wants to be seen as something other than the scourge of the West.” The Financial Timescalled the project Qaddafi’s “pipedream,” stating that critics may be awed by the engineering involved, “But they regard the dream as a monument to vanity that makes little economic sense in a country where the U.N. Development Program says 94.6% of territory is desert wasteland.”

If it is vanity that motivated the project, at least the vanity of Libya’s head of state is being channeled in a productive direction in this case–which is more than can be said of the leaders of Britain and the United States.

VIDEO:

https://www.facebook.com/BASICPEOPLSCONNGRESSELVISBUCKYFREE/videos/vb.270512759650117/991951800839539/?type=2&theater

‎زوري النهر وصل يا مروى...تكرامي وضيوفك تروى...يا مروى تلقى ياعيشة فاحسن عيشة هـــدت حيل اليـــأس وجيشه شال قيششه عَدا ســروه هزماته السلطة الثـــــروه زوري النهر وصل يامروى ......تكرامي وضيوفك تروى وصل يا بيـــه نهر ميه فوق لطـام القرضابية ناس الحيه قالت مروى تستاهل وعـربها تروى زوري النهر وصل يامروى ......تكرامي وضيوفك تروى‎

1998 Commemorating THE GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER:

{We made from water every living thing do you not believe}

Great Man-Made River Aasana recognizes recognizes God grant victory as Aasidha.

Muammar (Our Mahdi) made the desert bloom!
Achievements of the Great Revolution …

A copy of the city of Kufra ..

Image reported by one of Saudi Arabia’s largest thread and commented on (b paradise meet in the desert)
Image of the agricultural project in Kufra southeast Libya and is one of the largest projects in North Africa ..

Benghazi is since 1991 connected and receives fresh water from the Great Man Made River. Tripoli since 1996.

al-Qathafi explaining to children about the Great Man-made River:

Mu explains to children about Great Man-made River

Ideas for a greener Libya – Working to provide reliable and safe water supply to support agriculture and cover the domestic water requirements of the Libyan population

Work to provide a permanent and safe source of water to support agricultural projects and cover the water needs of consumers

Great Man Made River (GMMR) – “Великая the Рукотворная Река” В Ливии – Das 8. Weltwunder – Great Man-Made River

“Grande-Man-Made River (Francaise)” – “the Great Man-Made River”

Gaber own lake creation of Great Manmade River Project:

Great Man-Made River

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/science/libyasdesertwater.shtml

LIBYA’S DESERT WATER

The Arabic text written on the concrete at AJDABIYA, quotes the HOLY QURAN:
‘We create every living thing from water’

Richard Hollingham visits Great Man-Made River Project
Monday 10 July 2006, 2100-2130

Searching for oil in the desert, Libya found vast quantities of fresh water under the sand. A huge engineering project was inaugurated by Colonel Muammar al-Qathafi, to pipe the water from the desert aquifers to the coastal cities. The Great Man-Made River is one of the largest civil engineering projects in the world, but it is almost unknown outside Libya. Richard Hollingham, one of the first western journalists to visit the project, describes his experiences.

Inaugurated in 1991, the Great Man-Made River consists of 5,000 kilometres of pipes carrying 6.5 million cubic metres of water a day from desert aquifers to cities and farms on the coast.

The water has the power to transform Libyan life and economy.

As well as providing Libyans with fresh, clean water, the country also has ambitious plans to develop a European market for early fruit and vegetables.

When, after almost six months of trying, reporter Richard Hollingham was finally given permission to visit the Great Man-Made River, he had no idea what sort of reception he would get.

EVIL UN Sanctions imposed on Libya after the Lockerbie bombings had only been lifted three years earlier, and diplomatic ties with the US had yet to be fully restored: how open would his Libyan hosts be? How much would they show him?
Worried that he might return to England with nothing, Richard decided to record whenever he could, even in his hotel room.
What he found was a country quite different from what he was told.
The Great Man-Made River is playing a central role in changing people’s lives.

As well as providing Libya with technical expertise and know-how, the River is also fuelling a dispesity of changes.
But it’s not only Libya that’s changing.
Very quickly, Richard had to start revising his own opinions about Libya; first because,
rather than struggling to secure interview and having access to the project restricted by government officials, Richard found his hosts candid and obliging.

It soon became clear that there was a serious mismatch between his preconceptions of the country and his experiences when he got there.

The Vision – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Libya is one of the driest regions of the world with an annual rainfall ranging from just ten millimetres to 500mm. Just five per cent of the entire area of Libya exceeds 100mm annually. Evaporation rates are also high, ranging from 1,700mm in the north to 6,000mm in the south.
The leadership of the Great Socialist Libyan Arab Jamahiriya was aware from
a very early stage of the impending water shortage crisis in Libya and put forward a plan that if implemented can be considered as Libya’s solution to the crisis.

Ground water is the primary source of freshwater covering 96 per cent of demand. Studies have shown that aquifer replenishment in the coastal areas is 500m cubic metres per year. However, this is small compared to the ever-increasing rate of consumption, which amounts at present to 4.7bn cubic metres per year. As a result there has been an intrusion of seawater in the coastal aquifer with a marked increase in salinity, which has reached 7,000 ppm in the Tripoli region.

Libya: water emerges as hidden weapon

IPS: Libya’s enormous aquatic reserves could potentially become a new weapon of choice if government forces opt to starve coastal cities that heavily rely on free flowing freshwater

Great Man-made River project operating center Tripoli, Libya — The ‘Great Man-Made River’ operating center in Tripoli, which could be used as a weapon in the conflict in Libya. Photograph: Veronika Lukasova/Zuma press/Corbis Veronika Lukasova/Getty Images

Simba Russeau for IPS

Friday 27 May 2011 16.28 BST. Last modified on Wednesday 18 June 2014 at 03.30 BST

With only five percent of the country getting at least 100 millimetres of rainfall per year, Libya is one of the driest countries in the world.

Historically, coastal aquifers or desalination plants located in Tripoli were of poor quality due to contamination with salt water, resulting in undrinkable water in many cities including Benghazi.

Oil exploration in the southern Libyan desert in the mid-1950s revealed vast quantities of fresh, clean groundwater – this could meet growing national demand and development goals.

Scientists estimate that nearly 40,000 years ago when the North African climate was temperate, rainwater in Libya seeped underground forming reservoirs of freshwater.

In 1983, Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi initiated a huge civil water works project known as the Great Man-Made River (GMMR) – a massive irrigation project that drew upon the underground basin reserves of the Kufra, Sirte, Morzuk, Hamada and the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer – to deliver more than five million cubic metres of water per day to cities along Libya’s coastal belt.

“The Colonel’s GMMR project was discounted when first unveiled as an uneconomic flight of fancy and a wasteful exploitation of un-renewable freshwater reserves,” Middle East-based journalist Iason Athanasiadis told IPS. “But subsequently it was hailed as a masterful work of engineering, tapping into underground aquifers so vast that they could keep the 2007 rate of dispersal going for the next 1,000 years.”

Lying beneath the four African countries Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan, the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System (NSAS) is the world’s largest fossil water aquifer system, covering some two million square kilometres and estimated to contain 150,000 cubic kilometres of groundwater.

Fossil water is groundwater that has been trapped in underground fossil aquifers for thousands or even millions of years. Unlike most aquifers the NSAS is a non-renewable resource, and over extraction or water mining could cause rising sea levels.

“The GMMR provides 70 percent of the population with water for drinking and irrigation, pumping it from Libya’s vast underground aquifers like the NSAS in the south to populated coastal areas 4,000 kilometres to the north,” Ivan Ivekovic, professor of political science at the American University of Cairo told IPS.

“The entire project was drawn out over five phases. Phase one took water from eastern pipelines in As- Sarir and Tazerbo to Benghazi and Sirte; phase two supplied water in Tripoli and western pipelines in Jeffara from the Fezzan region; and phase three intended to create an integrated system and increase the total daily capacity to almost four million cubic metres and provide up to 138,000 cubic metres per day to Tobruk.”

With an estimated cost of nearly 30 billion dollars, the GMMR’s network of nearly 5,000 kilometres of pipeline from more than 1,300 wells drilled up to 500 metres deep into the Sahara was also intended to increase the amount of arable land for agricultural production.

“Libya could start an agro-business similar to California’s San Joaquin Valley. Like Libya, California is essentially desert but because of irrigation and water works projects that desert valley became the largest producer of food and cotton in the world, making it the ninth largest economy in the world,” Patrick Henningsen, 21st Century Wire editor and founder, told IPS.

“At the moment the only agro-markets in the Mediterranean zone competing to supply citrus and various other popular supermarket products to Europe are Israel and Egypt. In 10 or 20 years, Libya could surpass both of those countries because they now have the water to green the desert.”

In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) water has created a growing regional crisis and could be an impetus for further unrest. Demand is increasing as populations skyrocket – reserves are rapidly depleting and food inflation has taken its toll on cash-strapped countries dependent on imported food staples.

“There are several elements to the Libyan mess. One of them is certainly water. I would highlight the issue by quoting similar situations in South and Central Asia,” News Central Asia Editor Tariq Saeedi told IPS.

“Kashmir is understood to be the cause of rift between India and Pakistan but actually it’s the water of three rivers – Ravi, Sutlej and Beas – that originate from upper Kashmir that is the source of dispute.

“The Amudarya River that starts from Afghanistan and criss-crosses between Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan before terminating at Aral Sea is another example. The ability of this river to trigger a conflict in Central Asia will rise proportionately with the ability of Afghanistan to use more water from Amudarya for its own use.

“In a nutshell, whoever controls NSAS, controls the economies, foreign policies and destinies of several countries in the region, not just north-eastern Africa,” explains Saeedi.

Last month, Libyan officials warned that NATO airstrikes on the GMMR’s pipelines could cause a humanitarian and environmental disaster. But pro-government forces could also disrupt the GMMR’s flow if they wish, leaving opposition-held regions in the east with only the Ajdabiya reservoir – this holds just a month’s supply of water.

“Pure freshwater from the south must continue being pumped because without it Benghazi would die,” says Ivekovic. “The water pipelines run parallel to the oil and gas pipelines and it’s interesting that with most of the fighting happening around the areas of Ajdabiya, Sirte and Benghazi that none of these pipes have yet been damaged.”

“In a desertifying region already wracked by water conflict, Libya’s enormous aquatic reserves will be a large prize for whoever gets the upper hand in this struggle,” says Athanasiadis.

Basins in Libya:

During the exploration for oil in the Libyan Desert , investigations have shown the existence of potentially vast fresh water aquifers, lying at depths of less than 100 meters below the surface.

There are four major underground basins in the region. The Kufra Basin covers an area of 350,000 square kilometres and has an estimated groundwater storage capacity of 20,000 cubic kilometres in the Libyan sector. The fresh water aquifer in the Sirt Basin has an average depth of 600 metres and is estimated to hold over 10,000 cubic kilometres of water. The Murzuk basin, which is estimated to be 450,000 square kilometres, has an upper aquifer thickness of around 800 metres and an estimated storage capacity of 4,800 cubic kilometres. Finally, the Hamadah, which extends from the Qargaf Arch and Jabal Sawda to the coast, has a capacity of 4000 cubic kilometres. These basins each contain 2,500-3,000 cubic kilometres of economically extractable fresh water.

These basins contain in total 10,000 – 12,000 cubic Km of economically extractable water

For optimum use, the country’s desert water has to be delivered in very large quantities, in a manner that can be controlled easily and which avoids wastage from spillage or evaporation in the intense summer heat.

Studies were conducted to establish whether it was more economical to move to the source of the water in the desert or to convey it to the existing population centres and it was concluded that the latter was more viable. In addition to this, comparisons were made to other water supply alternatives (i.e. desalination, transportation by water tanker or conveying potable water by pipeline from southern Europe ) and the results showed that it was more economical and feasible to convey water from the huge basins in the desert to the population centres in the north.

Quantity of Water per Libyan Dinar obtained for each option: (More info soon!)

Hence the decisions for the Implementation and funding of The Great Man Made River project were made at the grass roots level by the basic people’s congresses that were then compiled and made into laws by the General Peoples Congress. The project is funded directly by the Libyan people in the form of levies on fuel, tobacco and international travel etc.

(Picture: Water pours into the reservoir at Ajdabiya, North East Libya)

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Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Великая Рукотворная Река в Ливии

Das 8. Weltwunder in Libyen

Francaise

The Vision – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Basins in Libya:

During the exploration for oil in the Libyan Desert , investigations have shown the existence of potentially vast fresh water aquifers, lying at depths of less than 100 meters below the surface.

These basins contain in total 10,000 – 12,000 cubic Km of economically extractable water

Quantity of Water per Libyan Dinar obtained for each option: (More info soon!)

Hence the decisions for the Implementation and funding of The Great Man Made River project were made at the grass roots level by the basic people’s congresses that were then compiled and made into laws by the General Peoples Congress. The project is funded directly by the Libyan people in the form of levies on fuel, tobacco and international travel etc.

Grande-Man-Made River

Pipe Laying – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Pipes are laid in trenches 7 meters deep using 450 ton cranes.
Final installation is by a bulldozer pushing the pipe into place prior to final alignment.
Trench Excavation

7.6 m3 capacity excavators are used to dig trenches, approximately 10m wide by 7m deep. special materials is used to form a profile bed
for the pipes.

In some areas it is necessary to blast the trenches while in others they can be excavated with mechanical diggers.
Finishing

Pipe alignment is checked using laser tools. Individual pipes are bonded
to make the whole pipeline electrically continuous.

Image description

Because of the large number of Pre-stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipes (PCCP) required for the implementation of the Great Man Made River Project two plants were constructed, one at Brega on the north coat of Libya and one in Sarir deep in the Sahara desert. These plants, which were commissioned in 1986, are capable of producing various diameters of pipe ranging from 1.6 meters to 4.0 meters.

Brega plant with two production lines and Sarir plant with three production lines have a combined capacity to produce 200 4.0 meter diameter pipes per day.

The pipe joints
are tested to ensure they are watertight. Pipe joints are grouted internally and externally.
In areas where the soil is aggressive cathodic protection is used.
Back filling

Special graded back fill is used to complete the pipeline installation.

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The GMMR Reaches TRIPOLI: Historical Photo:

Great-Man-Made-River

The 1st of September marks the anniversary of the opening of the major stage of Libya’s Great Man-Made River Project. This incredibly huge and successful water scheme is virtually unknown in the West, yet it rivals and even surpasses all our greatest development projects. The leader of the so-called advanced countries, the United States of America cannot bring itself to acknowledge Libya’s Great Man-Made River. The West refuses to recognize that a small country, with a population no more than four million, some with out an architectural engineering degree, environmental science degree or even a health administration degree can construct anything so large without borrowing a single cent from the international banks . Making this feat all that more impressive and worth acknowledgement.

Up until recently, Libya’s supply of water came from underground aquifers or desalination plants on the coast. Water derived from desalination or aquifers near the coast was of poor quality and sometimes undrinkable. This problem also meant that little water was available to irrigate land for agriculture, which is vital in this largely desert country. A problem that could have been detected earlier by someone with a masters in health administration or even a degree in mineral sciences.

In the 1960s during oil exploration deep in the southern Libyan desert, vast reservoirs of high quality water were discovered in the form of aquifers. The most important of these aquifers, or water bearing rock strata, were laid down during a geological time when the Mediterranean sea flowed southward to the foot of the Tibesti mountains, that are situated on Libya’s border with Chad.During that period the Mediterranean sea frequently varied in level, as a result of which, various sedimentary deposits were formed.

Geological activity caused the up thrust of mountainous formations (Jabal Nefussa and Jabal Al Akhdar) and the associated downward movement formed natural underground basins. Between 38,000 and 10,000 years ago the climate of North Africa was temperate, during which time there was considerable rainfall in Libya. The excess rainfall infiltrated into porous sandstone and was trapped between layers, forming reservoirs of underground fresh-water.

In Libya there are four major underground basins, these being the Kufra basin, the Sirt basin, the Morzuk basin and the Hamada basin, the first three of which contain combined reserves of 35,000 cubic kilometres of water. These vast reserves offer almost unlimited amounts of water for the Libyan people.

The people of Libya under the guidance of their leader, Colonel Muammar Al Qadhafi, initiated a series of scientific studies on the possibility of accessing this vast ocean of fresh water. Early consideration was given to developing new agricultural projects close to the sources of the water, in the desert. However, it was realized that on the scale required to provide products for self sufficiency, a very large infrastructure organization would be required. In addition to this, a major redistribution of the population from the coastal belt would be necessary. The alternative was to ‘bring the water to the people’.

In October 1983, the Great Man-made River Authority was created and invested with the responsibility of taking water from the aquifers in the south, and conveying it by the most economical and practical means for use, predominantly for irrigation, in the Libyan coastal belt .

By 1996 the Great Man-Made River Project had reached one of its final stages, the gushing forth of sweet unpolluted water to the homes and gardens of the citizens of Libya’s capital Tripoli. Louis Farrakhan, who took part in the opening ceremony of this important stage of the project, described the Great Man-Made River as “another miracle in the desert.” Speaking at the inauguration ceremony to an audience that included Libyans and many foreign guests, Col. Qadhafi said the project “was the biggest answer to America … who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism.”

The Great Man-Made River, as the largest water transport project ever undertaken, has been described as the “eighth wonder of the world”. It carries more than five million cubic metres of water per day across the desert to coastal areas, vastly increasing the amount of arable land. The total cost of the huge project is expected to exceed billion (US).

Consisting of a network of pipes buried underground to eliminate evaporation, four meters in diameter, the project extends for four thousand kilometres far deep into the desert. All material is locally engineered and manufactured. Underground water is pumped from 270 wells hundreds of meters deep into reservoirs that feed the network. The cost of one cubic meter of water equals 35 cents. The cubic meter of desalinized water is Scientists estimate the amount of water to be equivalent to the flow of 200 years of water in the Nile River.

The goal of the Libyan Arab people, embodied in the Great Man-Made River project, is to make Libya a source of agricultural abundance, capable of producing adequate food and water to supply its own needs and to share with neighboring countries. In short, the River is literally Libya’s ‘meal ticket’ to self-sufficiency.

Each pipe of the river project is buried in a trench approximately seven metres deep, excavation of which requires the removal of some 100,000 cubic metres of material each working day. Excavation is carried out by large hydraulic excavators fitted with 7.6 cubic metre buckets. Once the trench has been prepared, prestressed concrete cylinder pipes 7.5 metres long and weighing up to 80 tons are brought to the site using a fleet of some 128 specially designed transporters.

Pipes are placed in the trench using large cranes, capable of lifting up to 450 tons, and joined to the already laid pipe by pushing them into place with a bulldozer. The joint between the pipes is sealed using a rubber ring seal installed in a special groove on the end of the pipe and this joint itself sealed, both inside and outside the pipe, with cement grout. The trench is then backfilled, covering the pipe with a minimum of 2 metres of material and restoring the desert surface.

After backfilling, the pipe is adequately supported by the soil and can be hydrostatically tested. This requires the fitting of specially designed steel bulkheads at each end of the test section and filling of the line with water from wells drilled adjacent to the conveyance. Up to 8 kilometre lengths of the conveyance are tested at a time, and, after allowing adequate time for the concrete lining of the pipe to absorb water, the line is pressurised to test both the pipe and its joints.

The plant, equipment and logistical support for this project are also on a vast scale. Some 10,000 people and 4,500 pieces of equipment are employed on the work. Two thousand five hundred tons of cement per day are supplied by the Libyan Cement Company and hauled in a fleet of 127 cement tankers to the pipe plants at Brega and Sarir.

The Great Man-Made River Project is bringing water to the people and providing water for municipal, industrial and agricultural use. The strategy of the responsible Libyan authority is aimed at increasing both crop and livestock production to a level that achieves the highest possible rate of self-sufficiency and reduces dependence on imports from foreign markets to the lowest possible level. It also aims at increasing the productive capabilities of the labor force and of the capital investments in the sector, and at producing raw materials for food processing industries.

According to the writer Ali Baghdadi, “the river is a new lesson and an example in the struggle to achieve self-sufficiency, food security and true independence. No nation that depends on a foreign country to feed its people can be free. The Great River is a triumph against thirst and hunger. It is a defeat against ignorance and backwardness. It reflects the determination of Libyans to resist colonial pressure, to acquire technology, to develop, to improve their lives, and to control their own destiny in accordance with their own free will. ”

New Dawn Magazine, Libyan Jamahiria – Tripoli

* Benghazi is since 1991 connected and receives fresh water from the Great Man Made River. Tripoli since 1996.

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Great Man made River Project Libya Absolutely Amazing

The Great Man-Made River is a network of pipes that supplies water from the Sahara Desert in Libya, from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System fossil aquifer. Some sources cite it as the largest engineering project ever undertaken.

The Guinness World Records 2008 book has acknowledged this as the world’s largest irrigation project.

According to its website, it is the largest underground network of pipes and aqueducts in the world. It consists of more than 1300 wells, most more than 500 m deep, and supplies 6,500,000 m³ of freshwater per day to the cities of Tripoli, Benghazi, Sirt and elsewhere. Muammar al-Gaddafi has described it as the “Eighth Wonder of the World.

Great Man Made River Project Libya

Libya – Great Man Made River Project

Great Man Made River is part of

http://www.AlGaddafi.org

Publishing the Truth and real Facts about Muammar Al Gaddafi.

Part of his life commitment for the Libyan people is the Great Man Made River!

Libyans in Benghazi enjoyed as first Libyans fresh water from the GMMR project. 1996 followed by Tripoli. Unfortunately, the project got not further, than phase III. Our special thanks to NATO and “United” Nations Security Council for that!

Benghazi is since 1991 connected and receives fresh water from the Great Man Made River. Tripoli since 1996.

THE IMPACT OF THE GREAT MAN MADE RIVER PROJECT ONLIBYA’S AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT “…Libya’s In 1984, the Libyan government started the largest civil engineering project ever undertaken in the world that was scheduled to complete within twenty years. The project, popularly known as the Great Man Made River Project (GMMRP), when fully completed can supply a total of 6,500,000m³ of freshwater per day to most northern Libya cities bordering the Mediterranean Sea. Eighty percent of this water is allocated for agricultural activities while the remaining is for municipal and industrial purposes. The impact of the availability of this water on the agriculture activities is tremendous ….”

Great Man Made River – لــنهر الصــناعي العظـــيم

Ideas for a greener Libya – Working to provide reliable and safe water supply to support agriculture and cover the domestic water requirements of the Libyan population

Libya’s Great Man-Made River Project

By Tatiana Antonelli Abella on September 1, 2010 | 25 Responses

The 1st of September marks the anniversary of the opening of the major stage of Libya’s Great Man-Made River Project.

This incredibly huge and successful water scheme is virtually unknown in the West, yet it rivals and even surpasses all our greatest development projects.

Up until recently, Libya’s supply of water came from underground aquifers or desalination plants on the coast. But water derived from desalination or aquifers near the coast was of poor quality and sometimes undrinkable. This problem also meant that little water was available to irrigate land for agriculture, which is vital in this largely desert country.

In the 1960s during oil exploration deep in the southern Libyan desert, vast reservoirs of high quality water were discovered in the form of aquifers. The most important of these aquifers, or water bearing rock strata, were laid down during a geological time when the Mediterranean sea flowed southward to the foot of the Tibesti mountains, that are situated on Libya’s border with Chad. During that period the Mediterranean sea frequently varied in level, as a result of which, various sedimentary deposits were formed.

Geological activity caused the up thrust of mountainous formations (Jabal Nefussa and Jabal Al Akhdar) and the associated downward movement formed natural underground basins.

Between 38,000 and 10,000 years ago the climate of North Africa was temperate, during which time there was considerable rainfall in Libya. The excess rainfall infiltrated into porous sandstone and was trapped between layers, forming reservoirs of underground fresh-water.

The people of Libya initiated a series of scientific studies on the possibility of accessing this vast ocean of fresh water. Early consideration was given to developing new agricultural projects close to the sources of the water, in the desert. However, it was realized that on the scale required to provide products for self sufficiency, a very large infrastructure organization would be required. In addition to this, a major redistribution of the population from the coastal belt would be necessary. The alternative was to ‘bring the water to the people’.

By 1996 the Great Man-Made River Project had reached one of its final stages, the gushing forth of sweet unpolluted water to the homes and gardens of the citizens of Libya’s capital Tripoli.

Louis Farrakhan, who took part in the opening ceremony of this important stage of the project, described the Great Man-Made River as “another miracle in the desert.”

The cost of one cubic meter of water equals 35 cents. The cubic meter of desalinized water is Scientists estimate the amount of water to be equivalent to the flow of 200 years of water in the Nile River.

The goal of the Libyan Arab people, embodied in the Great Man-Made River project, is to Libya a source of agricultural abundance, capable of producing adequate food and water to supply its own needs and to share with neighboring countries.

In short, the River is literally Libya’s ‘meal ticket’ to self-sufficiency.

World Water Day: How Gaddafi’s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars

By World Mathaba

Libyans called it the eighth wonder of the world. Western media called it a pet project and the pipe dream of a mad dog. The “mad dog” himself in 1991 prophetically said about the largest civil engineering venture in the world: “After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double. The United States will make excuses, but the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.”

Gaddafi’s dream

It was Muammar Gaddafi’s dream to provide fresh water for all Libyans and to make Libya self-sufficient in food production. In 1953, the search for new oilfields in the deserts of southern Libya led to the discovery not just of significant oil reserves, but also of vast quantities of fresh water trapped in the underlying strata. The four ancient water aquifers that were discovered, each had estimated capacities ranging between 4,800 and 20,000 cubic kilometers. Most of this water was collected between 38,000 and 14,000 years ago, though some pockets are believed to be only 7,000 years old.

Gaddafi Great Man-Made River Project After Gaddafi and the Free Unitary Officers seized power in a bloodless coup from the corrupt King Idris during the Al-Fateh Revolution in 1969, the Jamahiriya government nationalized the oil companies and spent much of the oil revenues to harness the supply of fresh water from the desert aquifers by putting in hundreds of bore wells. Large farms were established in southern Libya to encourage the people to move to the desert. It turned out that the majority of the people however preferred life in the northern coastal areas.

Therefore Gaddafi subsequently conceived a plan to bring the water to the people instead. The Libyan Jamahiriya government conducted the initial feasibility studies in 1974, and in 1983 the Great Man-Made River Authority was set up. This fully government funded project was designed in five phases, each of them largely separate in itself, but which eventually would combine to form an integrated system. As water in Gaddafi’s Libya was regarded to be a human right, there has not been any charge on the people, nor were any international loans needed for the almost billion cost of the project.

In 1996, during the opening of Phase II of the Great Man-Made River Project, Gaddafi said:

This is the biggest answer to America and all the evil forces who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism. We are only concerned with peace and progress. America is against life and progress; it pushes the world toward darkness.

Development and destruction

Gaddafi Great Man-Made River Project

Pipe Transport – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Pipe Transport

Pipes are carried on purpose built pipe transporters designed
to support their massive weight ranging between 75 and 86 tons.

During the project progress around 300 Truck Trailers were utilized to carry these huge concrete pipes day and night.

Haul Roads

The weight of the pipe transported is such that they can not be carried on the public road system.

Roads specially constructed to carry them are called haul roads.
These form a massive network to distribute pipe from the two pipe plants
to the pipeline. 3,715 Km of haul roads are regularly maintained. There are further 500 Km estimatedhaul roads for Phase III

Phase I Total Length 1,600 Km

Phase II Total Length 2,155 Km

At the time of the NATO-led war against Libya in 2011, three phases of the Great Man-Made River Project were completed. The first and largest phase, providing two million cubic metres of water a day along a 1,200 km pipeline to Benghazi and Sirte, was formally inaugurated in August 1991. Phase II includes the delivery of one million cubic metres of water a day to the western coastal belt and also supplies Tripoli. Phase III provides the planned expansion of the existing Phase I system, and supplies Tobruk and the coast from a new wellfield.

The ‘rivers’ are a 4000-kilometer network of 4 meters diameter lined concrete pipes, buried below the desert sands to prevent evaporation. There are 1300 wells, 500,000 sections of pipe, 3700 kilometers of haul roads, and 250 million cubic meters of excavation. All material for the project was locally manufactured. Large reservoirs provide storage, and pumping stations control the flow into the cities.

The last two phases of the project should involve extending the distribution network together. When completed, the irrigation water from the Great Man-Made River would enable about 155,000 hectares of land to be cultivated. Or, as Gaddafi defined, the project would make the desert as green as the flag of the Libyan Jamahiriya.

In 1999, UNESCO accepted Libya’s offer to fund the Great Man-Made River International Water Prize, an award that rewards remarkable scientific research work on water usage in arid areas.

Many foreign nationals worked in Libya on the Great Man-Made River Project for decades. But after the start of NATO’s so-called humanitarian bombing of the North-African country in March 2011, most foreign workers have returned home. In July 2011, NATO not only bombed the Great Man-Made River water supply pipeline near Brega, but also destroyed the factory that produces the pipes to repair it, claiming in justification that it was used as “a military storage facility” and that “rockets were launched from there”. Six of the facility’s security guards were killed in the NATO attack, and the water supply for the 70% of the population who depend on the piped supply for personal use and for irrigation has been compromised with this damage to Libya’s vital infrastructure.

The construction on the last two phases of the Great Man-Made River Project were scheduled to continue over the next two decades, but NATO’s war on Libya has thrown the project’s future – and the wellbeing of the Libyan people – into great jeopardy.

A German language documentary shows the size and brilliance of the project:

Water Wars

Gaddafi Great Man-Made River Project Fresh clean water, as provided to the Libyans by the Great Man-Made River, is essential to all life forms. Without fresh water we simply cannot function. Right now, 40% of the global population has little to no access to clean water, and that figure is actually expected to jump to 50% by 2025. According to the United Nations Development Program 2007, global consumption of water is doubling every 20 years, more than twice the rate of human population growth. Simultaneously, every single year most of the major deserts around the world are becoming bigger and the amount of usable agricultural land in most areas is becoming smaller, while rivers, lakes and major underground aquifers around the globe are drying up – except in Gaddafi’s Libya.

In the light of the current world developments, there is more to the NATO destruction of the Great Man-Made River Project than being an isolated war crime. The United Nations Environment Program 2007 describes a so-called “water for profit scheme”, which actively promotes the privatization and monopolization for the world’s water supplies by multinational corporations. Meanwhile the World Bank recently adopted a policy of water privatization and full-cost water pricing, with one of its former directors, Ismail Serageldin, stating: “The wars of the 21st century will be fought over water”.

In practice this means that the United Nations in collaboration with the World Bank plans to secure water resources to use at their disposal, and that once they totally control these resources, the resources become assets to be reallocated back to the enslaved nations for a price. Those prices will rise while the quality of the water will decrease, and fresh water sources will become less accessible to those who desperately need it. Simply put, one of the most effective ways to enslave the people is to take control of their basic daily needs and to take away their self-sufficiency.

How this relates to the NATO destruction of Gaddafi’s Great Man-Made River Project in July 2011 can be best illustrated by the Hegelian Dialectic, popularly known as the concept of Problem -> Reaction -> Solution. In this case, by bombing the water supply and the pipes factory, a Problem was created with an ulterior motive, namely to gain control over the most precious part of Libya’s infrastructure. Subsequently a Reaction in the form of an immediate widespread need was provoked as a result of the Problem, since as much as 70% of the Libyans depend on the Great Man-Made River for personal use as well as for the watering of the land. A month after the destruction of the Great Man-Made River, more than half of Libya was without running water. Ultimately a predetermined Solution was implemented: in order to have access to fresh water, the inhabitants of the war-torn country had no choice but to fully depend on – and thus to be enslaved to – the NATO-installed government.

A ‘democratic’ and ‘democracy-bringing’ government that came to power through the wounding and killing of thousands of Libyans by ‘humanitarian bombs’, and that overthrow the ‘dictator’ whose dream it was to provide fresh water for all Libyans for free.

War is still peace, freedom is still slavery.

http://worldmathaba.net/items/2371-world-water-day-how-gaddafi-s-great-man-made-river-project-became-part-of-the-water-wars?ref=email

New Dawn Magazine

Tatiana Antonelli Abella sur 30 mai 2011 | Laisser une réponse

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Man-Made centre opérationnel de la rivière »à Tripoli, ce qui pourrait être

utilisée comme une arme dans le conflit en Libye. Photo: Veronika

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Libye

d’énormes réserves aquatiques pourraient potentiellement

devenir une nouvelle arme de choix si le gouvernement

forces opter pour affamer les villes côtières qui dépendent fortement de libre

coule douce.

Pictures right above; Top: map of WELLFILDS & RESERVORIS. – Tazerbo wellfield, Sarir wellfield, Fezzan wellfield. Reservoirs are in Benghazi, Tobruk, Sirt and near Tripoli.

In total, the Great Man-Made River project requires the drilling of 960 wells with depths varying from 450 to 650 meters. The network of wells covers on area of 8000 square km.

8 km of carbonised metal wire is wound around each pipe segment, that means the length of wire required for the first phase alone is sufficient to encircle the globe 230 times.

The volume of water in the reservoir in the Kufra basin exceeds the amountof water that would flow from the Nile basin in 220 years.

The volume of water that will flow daily from this artificial river upon completion is equal to half the amount of oil produced daily all over the world.

The stone and sand used to manufacture the pipes would be enough to build 16 of the Giza Pyramids in Egypt. The quantity of cement used in this project could build a highway from Tripoli to Bombay.

Experts anticipate that the estimated 6 million cubic metres of drinking water pumped through the pipelines daily should cover the needs of the Libyan People for over 50 years.

It is really worthwhile to spend a little time visiting such a majestic work. The great man-made river can not be appreciated until you see it yourself. When peace is back in Libya make a trip to the surface man-made lakes which accommodate huge amounts of water in fabricated basins, so big that they can be crossed in a speed boat. These sites have a special beauty, a fascinating and strange mixture of man’s will and ingenuity and the immensity of nature.

Greatful for the Great Man-made River

Benghazi is since 1991 connected and receives fresh water from the Great Man Made River. Tripoli since 1996.

Avec seulement cinq pour cent du pays d’obtenir au moins

100 millimètres de précipitations par an, la Libye est l’un des

href = “http://www.goumbook.com/10157/where-is-the-water-going/”

target = “_blank”> pays les plus arides du monde .

Historiquement, les aquifères côtiers ou installations de dessalement située

à Tripoli étaient de mauvaise qualité en raison de la contamination par le sel

l’eau, ce qui entraîne dans de l’eau impropre à la consommation dans de nombreuses villes, y compris

Benghazi.

L’exploration pétrolière dans le sud du désert libyen

au milieu des années 1950 a révélé de grandes quantités de fraîcheur, de propreté

des eaux souterraines – ce qui pourrait satisfaire la demande croissante nationale et

objectifs de développement.

Les scientifiques estiment que près de

Il ya 40.000 ans, lorsque le climat était tempéré d’Afrique du Nord,

l’eau de pluie s’est infiltrée en Libye réservoirs souterrains formant des

d’eau douce.

En 1983, le dirigeant libyen Mouammar Kadhafi

a lancé un grand projet de travaux civile de l’eau connue sous le nom

href = “http://www.goumbook.com/4729/libyas-great-man-made–

rivière-projet / “target =” _blank “> la Great Man-Made

River (GMMR) – un projet d’irrigation massive qui

s’est appuyé sur les réserves du bassin souterraines de la Koufra, Syrte,

Morzuk, Hamada et l’aquifère des grès de Nubie – de formuler des

plus de cinq millions de mètres cubes d’eau par jour vers les villes

long de la ceinture côtière de la Libye.

“Le colonel GMMR

projet a été écarté lors de la première dévoilé comme non rentable

vol de fantaisie et un gaspillage de l’exploitation non renouvelables

réserves d’eau douce », Moyen-

Est -journaliste de Iason Athanasiadis a déclaré à IPS. “Mais

par la suite il a été salué comme une œuvre magistrale de l’ingénierie,

puiser dans les aquifères souterrains si vastes qu’ils pouvaient garder

le taux de 2007 de la dispersion va pour les 1000 prochaines années. ”

Située sous les quatre pays d’Afrique du Tchad, de l’Egypte,

Libye et le Soudan, le système aquifère nubien (SAAA) est

le plus grand système aquifère d’eau fossile, qui couvrent

2.000.000 kilomètres carrés et estimés pour contenir 150.000

kilomètres cubes d’eau souterraine.

L’eau fossile est

eaux souterraines qui a été pris au piège dans fossiles sous terre

aquifères pour des milliers, voire des millions d’années. Contrairement à la plupart

aquifères de la NSAS est une ressource non renouvelable, et plus

l’exploitation minière d’extraction ou de l’eau pourrait causer l’élévation du niveau de la mer.

“Le GMMR fournit 70 pour cent de la population à l’eau

potable et d’irrigation, le pompage du vaste Libye

aquifères souterrains, comme le nubien au sud de peuplée

les zones côtières à 4.000 km au nord », Ivan Ivekovic,

professeur de sciences politiques à l’Université américaine de

Le Caire a dit à IPS.

“L’ensemble du projet a été établi au-dessus

cinq phases. La première phase a pris l’eau à partir de pipelines dans l’Est

As-Sarir et Tazerbo à Benghazi et Syrte, la phase deux

l’eau fournie à Tripoli et des pipelines dans l’ouest de la Jeffara

la région du Fezzan, et la troisième phase vise à créer un

système intégré et d’augmenter la capacité totale de

près de quatre millions de mètres cubes et fournir jusqu’à 138.000

mètres cubes par jour à Tobrouk. ”

Avec un coût estimé à

de près de 30 milliards de dollars, le GMMR de réseau de près de

5.000 kilomètres de gazoduc de plus de 1.300 puits forés

jusqu’à 500 mètres de profondeur dans le Sahara visait également à

augmenter la quantité de terres arables pour

href = “http://www.goumbook.com/4718/libya% e2% 80% 99s-pivot-

l’irrigation-dans-le-sahara-prouve-argent-can-do-rien / ”

target = “_blank”> la production agricole .

“La Libye

pourrait commencer une entreprise agro-même à San Californie

Joaquin Valley. Comme la Libye, la Californie est essentiellement désertique

mais parce que des projets de travaux d’irrigation et de l’eau que le désert

vallée est devenue le plus grand producteur de nourriture et de coton dans le

monde, ce qui en fait l’économie neuvième en importance dans le monde »,

Patrick Henningsen, le 21 rédacteur en chef et fondateur de fil siècle, dit

IPS.

“A l’heure actuelle les seuls agro-marchés de l’

Zone méditerranéenne en concurrence pour fournir aux agrumes et divers

autres produits de supermarché populaires en Europe sont Israël et

Egypte. Dans 10 ou 20 ans, la Libye pourrait dépasser à la fois de ceux

pays parce qu’ils ont maintenant l’eau verte de la

désert ».

Au Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (MENA)

l’eau a créé un

href = “http://www.goumbook.com/8226/mideast-% e2% 80% 98in-eau

l’appauvrissement de risque% e2% 80% 99 / “target =” _blank “> régionale croissante

crise et pourrait être une impulsion pour de nouveaux troubles. Demande

augmente à mesure que monter en flèche les populations – les réserves sont rapidement

appauvrissant et l’inflation alimentaire a pris son péage sur la trésorerie-

pays à court d’dépendantes denrées importées.

«Il ya plusieurs éléments à la pagaille libyen. L’un d’eux

est certainement l’eau. Je tiens à souligner la question en citant

des situations similaires dans le Sud et l’Asie centrale, “Nouvelles centrales

Asie éditeur Tariq Saeedi a déclaré à IPS.

“Le Cachemire est

compris comme étant la cause de la rupture entre l’Inde et le Pakistan

mais en fait c’est l’eau des trois rivières – Ravi, Sutlej

et Beas – qui proviennent du Cachemire supérieure qui est la

source de conflit.

“Le fleuve Amou-Daria qui commence à partir

Afghanistan et sillonne entre l’Ouzbékistan et

Turkménistan avant de mettre fin à la mer d’Aral est un autre

exemple. La capacité de cette rivière pour déclencher un conflit dans

Asie centrale augmentera proportionnellement à la capacité de

Afghanistan d’utiliser plus d’eau de l’Amou-Daria pour son propre usage.

“En un mot, celui qui contrôle NSAS, contrôle la

économies, les politiques étrangères et de destins de plusieurs pays

dans la région, et pas seulement au nord-est de l’Afrique », explique

Saïdi.

Le mois dernier, des responsables libyens a averti que l’OTAN

frappes aériennes sur des pipelines de la GMMR de risque de provoquer un

en cas de catastrophe humanitaire et écologique . Mais pro-

les forces gouvernementales pourraient également perturber le flux de l’GMMR, s’ils

souhaite, en laissant régions tenues par l’opposition dans l’est avec seulement

le réservoir Ajdabiya – cela est juste approvisionnement d’un mois de

de l’eau.

«Eau douce pure du sud doivent continuer

pompé parce que sans elle Benghazi allait mourir », explique

Ivekovic. “Les conduites d’eau sont parallèles à l’huile et du gaz

pipelines et il est intéressant de noter que la plupart des combats

passe autour des zones de Ajdabiya, Syrte et Benghazi

qu’aucun de ces tuyaux ont encore été endommagés. ”

«Dans un

target = “_blank” région désertifier> déjà en proie à la

conflits de l’eau, les réserves de la Libye aquatiques énormes aura une

prix important pour celui qui prend le dessus dans cette lutte »,

dit Athanasiadis.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/may/27/libya–

Tuteur

The 5 phases of the Great Man Made River project

There a 5 phases of the Great-Man-Made-River project. Muammar Al Gaddafi was able to inaugurate the finishing of the 3th project phase. Unfortunately, phase 4 and 5 of the greatest civil water project on earth are now on halt as UN – Security Council (France, USA, United Kingdom and China Russia) supported a No-Flight zone resoution 1973.

NATO planes bombarded during the early days of the war on Libya the main pipe producing factory (Brega) and destroyed also parts of the Water-Pipe-System of phase 3. (This is an WAR CRIME)

Video: NATO bombed “Great Man Made River”factory

* Click Here to watch the video

Stages of the industrial river

The first phase

Contain the first stage on the two systems of pipes the first stretch of Tazrbu to Sellouk and the second from the bed to the Sirte included the system first drilling (120) wells and D (800) kilometers of pipes of Tazrbu to Benghazi and produces field Tazrbu million cubic meters of water per day exploit (98 ) wells and the rest is just a precaution.Of the bed start system pipes the following which contains the collection network strength (126) wells of which is used (113) and the remaining reserves of the bed starts the flow of million cubic meters of water per day in two parallel lines to the tank Ajdabiya then Ajdabiya heading another branch of the system holds ( 1.18) million cubic meters of water east to Benghazi and another branch heading west towards the city of Sirte carries (820) thousand cubic meters of water.

Phase II

This topic is aimed to phase transfer of (2.5) million cubic meters of water from wells located in two fields in the Mount Al_husaona.Oriented system to the coastal areas in western mass that extends from the western Al Heisha new about easy Ajafarh and land located between Alchuirv to Tarhunah length of the system around me (1676) kilometers and extend the system with water (484) wells card (2) million cubic meters a day.At this stage, begin collecting water in the pipe network especially flowing through the water collection tanks and then enter the pumping stations located at the end of the well fields mission push water through the highland areas until you reach the sloping land and off after that flow naturally toward the Alchuirv then subdivided the line into two branches the central branch heading north.

Until it reaches near Tarhunah and section east off in the direction of the north-east and when the plug follows the line path along the coastal road passing near the cities of Misurata, Zeliten and five until it reaches the Qara Bolli where the reservoir budget on high (160) meters above sea level and from this reservoir is connected to water to the area in and around Tripoli, in addition to the territory of the fertile plain Alajafarh.

The third stage

This phase aims to add (1.68) million cubic meters of water a day-to-energy first and second phases will be pumping this amount of additional field wells in the basin of the infidels, and composed this stage of the three lines, first heading to the south of Green Mountain and ventralis and the second stems from the infidels, and joining the line north of the first phase fields Tazrbu and third connecting first and second phases.And the completion of the Phase III project have been completed and the river’s total water-borne (6.1) million cubic meters a day.

Facts & Figures – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

These are some Facts and Figures about GMRA :

– Approximately 547.000 pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes have been manufactured to date.

(Phase III)- Approximately 547.000 pipes transported to date. Pipe transportation is continuous process

and the work goes on day and night, distance traveled by the transporters is equivalent to the

sun and back.

– Approximately 5.200.000 tons of cement

– Approximately 24,000,000 tons of rubble and gravel

– Approximately 4.300.000 kilometers of steel wire

– Approximately 43.000.000 kilometers from sheets of iron and steel

– Approximately 155.000.000) cubic meters of soil excavation

– Over 3,700 km of haul roads was constructed alongside the pipe line trench to enable the heavy

truck – trailers to deliver pipe to the installation site

Phase I Total Length 1,600 Km.Phase II Total Length 2,155 Km.

Phase III Total Length …….. Km. – Phase III was inaugurated in 2010 by Muammar Al Gaddafi

Phase IV Total Length ……. Km.

Phase V Total Length …….. Km.

Volume of Trench Excavation 250 Million

Cubic Meter.

– The amount of aggregate used in the project :

30,000,000 Ton.

Enough to Build 20 pyramids the size of the

great pyramid of Khoufu.

– Total Weight of Cement used 7.0 Million Tones.

– Total Length of Pre-Stressing Wire 6.0 Million

KilometersThis would circle the Earth 280 times.

– The 1,300 wells which will be drilled will ultimately

produce 6.5 Million cubic meters of water per day.

Related Topics

PCCP Wire Break Monitoring
Condition Assessment
Man-Made River (Wiki)

Service: SoundPrint® AFO Client: Man-Made River Authority Project Date: Ongoing since 2004 Location: Ajdabiya, Libya Type of Pipelines: Raw Water Transmission Mains Diameter: 158-inch (4 meter) Pipe Material: PCCP Length: 1,200 km Results: 35,000 wire breaks as of 2011

With more than 4,000 km of mainly four-metre diameter prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) in operation, the Man-Made River pipeline is the one of the largest water projects in the world. An aggressive rehabilitation program was required from 2001 to 2005 after the Man-Made River Authority (MRA) experienced five failures on their pipeline.

Thousands of pipe sections were repaired or replaced, and technologies were implemented to assess the condition of the remaining sections.

One of the technologies implemented was acoustic monitoring. MRA has been using acoustic monitoring to manage its PCCP since 2000. The scope of the monitoring project has grown from just 3 km in 2000 to more than 400 km in 2009. MRA is using Pure’s Acoustic Fiber Optic (AFO) technology to further expand the monitoring system that will eventually cover more than 1,200 km of pipeline by 2012. AFO provides owners such as MRA with a cost-effective solution to monitor long lengths of PCCP.

Inspection techniques such as electromagnetic, visual and sounding provide valuable information regarding the baseline condition of a pipeline. A snapshot of the condition of each pipe section is determined, but as soon as the pipe is brought back into service the condition can change. The rate of deterioration for each pipe section can be different, and experience in MRA and elsewhere has shown that the rate of wire breakage is usually not linear.

Acoustic monitoring provides valuable data on the performance of each pipe section, and the near real-time information is critical for the management of a pipeline constructed with PCCP.

- Libya’s Great Man Made River by Muammar Gadaffi | A Short FilmWorld’s Largest Irrigation Project Ever. Trillion Part Of A Water Treatment Plant In The Libyan Desert, Great Man Made River Projecthttp://ll4.me/2aa8vr
- Part Of A Water Treatment Plant In The Libyan Desert, Great Man Made River Project Royalty free images: part of a water treatment plant .
Gaddafi-Central Bank used billion, without interest rates, to build the Great Man-Made River with three
parallel pipelines running oil, gas and water supplying 70% of the people (4.5 of its 6 …Voir plus
Libya: Great Man Made River Project [libyasos]GREAT MAN MADE RIVER PROJECT WATER IN HEART OF SAHARA!!!!
FOR 4.5 MILLION LIBYANS!!! GREAT MAN MADE RIVER , Libya. – NATO bombed in July 2011. GREAT MAN MADE…
Doku Libyens Wüstenwasser – Der künstliche Fluss durch die Sahara – Great Man Made River LibyaGreat-Man-Made-River Projekt Über Libyens “Weltwunder”, das GMMRP: Great Man Made River-Projekt. Pipelines zur Wasserversorgung der libyschen Städte und land…

The Great Man-Made River Project: Libya’s Achievement

Tuesday, 6 September 2011, 12:02 pmArticle: Frances Thomas

How Gaddafi`s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars
Posted: 2013/05/13 From: Mathaba	Print \| Share \| 2 Comments

It was Muammar Gaddafi`s dream to provide fresh water for all Libyans and to make Libya self-sufficient in food production.Libyans called it the eighth wonder of the world. Western media called it a pet project and the pipe dream of a mad dog. The “mad dog” himself in 1991 prophetically said about the largest civil engineering venture in the world:

After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double. The United States will make excuses, but the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.

Gaddafi’s dream

After Gaddafi and the Free Unitary Officers seized power in a bloodless coup from the corrupt King Idris during the Al-Fateh Revolution in 1969, the Jamahiriya government nationalized the oil companies and spent much of the oil revenues to harness the supply of fresh water from the desert aquifers by putting in hundreds of bore wells. Large farms were established in southern Libya to encourage the people to move to the desert. It turned out that the majority of the people however preferred life in the northern coastal areas.

In 1996, during the opening of Phase II of the Great Man-Made River Project, Gaddafi said:

This is the biggest answer to America and all the evil forces who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism. We are only concerned with peace and progress. America is against life and progress; it pushes the world toward darkness.

Development and destruction

In 1999, UNESCO accepted Libya’s offer to fund the Great Man-Made River International Water Prize, an award that rewards remarkable scientific research work on water usage in arid areas.

A German language documentary shows the size and brilliance of the project:

Water Wars

Fresh clean water, as provided to the Libyans by the Great Man-Made River, is essential to all life forms. Without fresh water we simply cannot function. Right now, 40% of the global population has little to no access to clean water, and that figure is actually expected to jump to 50% by 2025. According to the United Nations Development Program 2007, global consumption of water is doubling every 20 years, more than twice the rate of human population growth. Simultaneously, every single year most of the major deserts around the world are becoming bigger and the amount of usable agricultural land in most areas is becoming smaller, while rivers, lakes and major underground aquifers around the globe are drying up – except in Gaddafi’s Libya.

In the light of the current world developments, there is more to the NATO destruction of the Great Man-Made River Project than being an isolated war crime. The United Nations Environment Program 2007 describes a so-called “water for profit scheme”, which actively promotes the privatization and monopolization for the world’s water supplies by multinational corporations. Meanwhile the World Bank recently adopted a policy of water privatization and full-cost water pricing, with one of its former directors, Ismail Serageldin, stating: “The wars of the 21st century will be fought over water”.

War is still peace, freedom is still slavery.

___________________________________

Sources and further information:

http://www.water-technology.net/projects/gmr/
http://www.uruknet.info/?new=81150
http://american_almanac.tripod.com/libya.htm
http://www.activistpost.com/2012/12/the-coming-water-wars.html
http://www.caseyresearch.com/articles/coming-water-wars
http://www.thedailysheeple.com/the-groundwater-footprint-over-population-threatens-water-resources_082012

The Great Man-Made River Project: Libya’s Achievement and NATO’s War Crimes

by Frances Thomas05 September 2011

http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/HL1109/S00041/the-great-man-made-river-project-libyas-achievement.htm

September 1st is the anniversary of an event little known in the West. Today, twenty years on, the people who deserve to be celebrating it, are instead enduring a war. Yet the achievement changed their lives greatly and merits recognition.

A tap was turned on in Libya. From an enormous ancient aquifer, deep below the Sahara Desert, fresh water began to flow north through 1200 kilometres of pipeline to the coastal areas where 90% of Libyan people live, delivering around one million cubic metres of pure water per day to the cities of Benghazi and Sirte.

Crowds gathered in the desert for the inaugural ceremony. Phase I of the largest civil engineering venture in the world, the Great Man-made River Project, had been completed.

It was during the 1953 search for new oilfields in southern Libya that the ancient water aquifers were first discovered, four huge basins with estimated capacities each ranging between 4,800 and 20,000 cubic kms. Yes, that’s cubic kilometres. There is so much water that Libya had recently also offered it to Egypt for their needs.

After the bloodless revolution of 1969, also on September 1, the new government nationalised the oil companies and spent much of the oil revenues to harness the supply of fresh water from the desert aquifers by putting in hundreds of bore wells. Muammar Gaddafi’s dream was to provide fresh water for everyone, and to turn the desert green, making Libya self-sufficient in food production. He established large farms and encouraged the people to move to the desert. But many preferred life on the coast and wouldn’t go.

So Gaddafi next conceived a plan to bring the water to the people. Feasibility studies were carried out by the Libyan government in the seventies and in 1983 the Great Man-made River Authority was set up. The project began the following year, fully funded by the Libyan government. The almost billion cost to date has been without the need of any international loans. Nor has there been any charge on the people, who do not pay for their reticulated water, which is regarded in Libya to be a human right and therefore free.

GMMRP figures are staggering. The ‘rivers’ are a 4000-kilometre network of 4m diameter lined concrete pipes, buried below the desert sands to prevent evaporation. There are 1300 wells, 500,000 sections of pipe, 3700 kms of haul roads, and 250 million cubic metres of excavation. All material for the project was locally manufactured. Large reservoirs provide storage, and pumping stations control the flow into the cities. The pipeline first reached Tripoli in 1996 and when Phase V is completed, the water will allow about 155,000 hectares of land to be cultivated.

To achieve all this, construction work was tendered and many overseas companies, including from US, Korea, Turkey, Britain, Japan and Germany took up contracts for each Phase, and some have worked for decades in Libya. The project has not been without problems, including faulty materials and financial difficulties within some of the contracting firms. Since the NATO air attacks on Libya began in March, most foreign nationals have returned home, including those employed on the hydro scheme. The final phase of the Great Man-made River Project is stalled.

Libyan people put their hearts into work on the GMMR from the beginning, and years ago took on most of the managerial and technical positions as their expert knowledge increased, with government policy encouraging their education, training and employment. They proudly call the GMMRP “the eighth wonder of the world.”

(UN Human Development Index figures for Libya since the beginning of Gaddafi’s influence can be found here http://bit.ly/b4ItsI )

The project was so well recognised internationally that UNESCO in 1999 accepted Libya’s offer to fund an award named after it, the Great Man-Made River International Water Prize, the purpose of which is to “reward remarkable scientific research work on water usage in arid areas”. http://bit.ly/rnxiCf

Gaddafi was often ridiculed in the West for persevering with such an ambitious project. Pejorative terms such “pipedream”, “pet project” and “mad dog” appeared in UK and US media. Despite a certain amount of awe for the enormity of the construction, the Great Man-made River was often dismissed as a “vanity project” and then rarely mentioned in western media. But truth is, it’s a world class water delivery system, and often visited by overseas engineers and planners wanting to learn from Libyan expertise in water transfer hydro-engineering.

On 22 July this year, four months into the air strikes to “protect civilians”, NATO forces hit the GMMR water supply pipeline. For good measure the following day, NATO destroyed the factory near Brega that produces the pipes to repair it, along with killing six guards there.

NATO air strikes on the electricity supply, as well as depriving civilians of electricity, mean that water pumping stations are no longer operating in areas even where the pipelines remain intact. Water supply for the 70% of the population who depend on the piped supply has been compromised with this damage to Libya’s vital infrastructure.

Oh, and by the way, attacking essential civilian infrastructure is a war crime.

Today in Sirte, which along with Benghazi was one of the first two cities to receive the water, there should be a celebration to mark the twenty years since fresh reticulated water first came to their city, and Gaddafi’s vision should be honoured.

But today Sirte is encircled by the rebels, and right now is being carpet bombed by NATO. The civilians are terrorised, and many families have tried to flee. But the rebels block all the exits, they kill the men, and send the women and children back into the city to be bombed. In the media the rebels are reported to have given Sirte until Saturday to surrender before they commence a full attack. But that’s not what’s happening really.

September 1, 2011, will be remembered in history for NATO’s complicity in the massacre of the people of Sirte.

Back in 1991, at the gala opening of GMMRP Phase I, and maybe recalling the 1986 bombing of his home (which was carried out by US military on Reagan’s orders), Muammar Gaddafi spoke these words to the invited international dignitaries and assembled crowd:

“After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double …. The United States will make excuses, (but) the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.”

His words were prophetic.

ENDS

BIG BROTHER WAR FOR LIBYA WATER

GREAT GADDAFI MAN-MADE RIVER

Watch Canada helped Gaddafi build Libya’s Man-Made River
(now helping United Nations bomb it)
Canada company building Libya water pipeline halted
(equipment worth -million won’t be shipped to Libya)

UN wants to bomb Libya’s Man-Made River water system
(say Gaddafi hiding weapons in irrigation tunnels)

Serious water shortage in Libya from UN bombing
(UN now providing imported bottled water)
Harvesting Libya’s hidden water with Holland’s help
(UN bombs damaged Great Man-Made River water flow)
Oman/Tripoli, 03 Sept. 2011
HOLLAND HOPES HARVEST LIBYA WATER

UN war on Libya now water-shortage humanitarian disaster
(no fuel/power to pump Man-Made-River wells/reservoirs)

http://www.unicef.org/media/media_59666.html

Listen to JACKIE JURA RADIO INTERVIEW talking “1984″
(explaing about Gaddafi building Great Man-Made River)
Patrick Timpone/One Radio Network, Aug 18, 2011
1.Winston’s Diary

BIG BROTHER WAR FOR LIBYA WATER

GREAT GADDAFI MAN-MADE RIVER

(“eighth wonder of the world”)
Libya war seriously hurting Canadian water pipeline company
(equipment worth -million can’t be delivered)

BIG BROTHER WAR FOR LIBYA WATER
& Ministry of Plenty (Starvation) & BB Tells Why

UNICEF/AP, Aug 27-28, 2011
GREAT GADDAFI MAN-MADE RIVER

Gadaffi the man behind the Great Man-Made River
(5,000-km water-pipeline from 1,000 desert wells)
Mar 25-Apr 18, 2011

watch ORWELL TODAY VIDEO LIBYA WATER
& BIG BROTHER WAR FOR LIBYA WATER
& GREAT GADDAFI MAN-MADE RIVER

BIG BROTHER WATER BARONS
& BB WEATHER-WATER-FOOD-AIR CONTROL

BIG BROTHER WATER BARONS

Libya running out of water
(UN agency trucking in bottled water from Tunisia)
watch ORWELL TODAY VIDEO LIBYA WATER video
(images over soundtrack of Jackie Jura interview)

UN warplanes targeting Libya’s Great Man-Made River
(water source for all humans/animals/crops in Libya)
LIBYA’S MAN-MADE RIVER 8th WONDER
(equivalent to flow of 200-years of water in the Nile)

UN warplanes bomb major Libyan oilfield & pipeline
(against international law & UN resolution)

UN-backed terrorist-rebels destroy Libya oil/electricity pipeline
(aim to starve/displace people/cause humanitarian crisis)
Watch Gaddafi son Saif interview at 5th month of UN war
(a media war from day one: lies/rumours/false reports;
why only bomb Libya? cash/oil/very delicious piece of cake)
NP/Telegraph/NYT, Aug 8-11, 2011

Water usage – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

The expanding economy and growing population along the fertile coastal strip of the Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya is creating an increasing demand for water for irrigation, for industry and for domestic and municipal use. At the same time, the traditional water resources are becoming increasingly at risk through intensive use which is resulting in saline intrusion of the coastal aquifer. This phenomenon would, if unchecked, turn agricultural lands into infertile sabkha.

With the realization of the Great Man-made River Project, an economic and plentiful new source of fresh water is being made available. This will reduce extraction of water from the coastal aquifer, as agriculture ceases to be dependent on existing water wells. The new source of water will, therefore, protect and enhance the fertility of the soil.

Total amount of water conveyed by the Great Man Made River Project will be over 6.0 million cubic meters per day or approximately 2,100 million cubic meters per year and will be allocated as follows:

Over 70 per cent of the water delivered by the Great Man Made River is intended for agricultural development and it is expected that 130,000 hectares of agricultural land
will be developed. To optimize the development of agricultural land, a water storage
and distribution plan has been adopted.

The plan aims to maintain a constant supply
of water throughout the year through the use of large storage reservoirs, which will meet fluctuating demands. In addition State of the art irrigation techniques are being used to minimize losses.

Link:: Reservoirs – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

Link: Water Supply System of the Great Man Made River

The agricultural development plan aims to realise the highest possible rate of self-sufficiency in grain and fodder crops, achieve food security, increase the capital investment and job opportunities in the agricultural sector, produce raw materials
for the food processing industry, encourage and support agricultural settlement and enhance foreign investment opportunities in agriculture.

Investment opportunities are available in the agricultural sectors where up to 20,000 hectares of the large farms are being offered for foreign investment within the framework of the general policy of the state and the objectives of economical and social development.

Sign boards like this were seen all over Libya in support for the Great Man Made River project, initiated by Brother leader Muammar Al-Qathafi.

Muammar Al Gaddafi is the founder of the world largest water project.

Fresh drinking water within the Libyan dessert. A dream of being able to gain land back for farming.

Libya’s thirst for ‘fossil water’

By John Watkins
BBC World Service

Phase III is now nearing completion

Libyans like to call it “the eighth wonder of the world”.

The description might be flattering, but the Great Man-Made River Project has the potential to transform Libyan life in all sorts of ways.

Libya is a desert country, and finding fresh water has always been a problem.

Following the Great Al-Fatah Revolution in 1969, when an army coup led by Muammar Al Qadhafi deposed King Idris, industrialisation put even more strain on water supplies.

Coastal aquifers became contaminated with sea water, to such an extent that the water in Benghazi (Libya’s second city) was undrinkable.

Finding a supply of fresh, clean water became a government priority. Oil exploration in the 1950s had revealed vast aquifers beneath Libya’s southern desert.

According to radiocarbon analysis, some of the water in the aquifers was 40,000 years old. Libyans call it “fossil water”.

The quality of life is better now, and it’s impacting on the whole country

Adam Kuwairi, GMRA

After weighing up the relative costs of desalination or transporting water from Europe, Libyan economists decided that the cheapest option was to construct a network of pipelines to transport water from the desert to the coastal cities, where most Libyans live.

Proud nation

In August 1984, Muammar Al Qadhafi laid the foundation stone for the pipe production plant at Brega. The Great Man-Made River Project had begun.

Click here to see a map of the pipeline network

Libya had oil money to pay for the project, but it did not have the technical or engineering expertise for such a massive undertaking.

Foreign companies from South Korea, Turkey, Germany, Japan, the Philippines and the UK were invited to help.

It is impossible not to be impressed with the scale of the project

In September 1993, Phase I water from eastern well-fields at Sarir and Tazerbo reached Benghazi. Three years later, Phase II, bringing water to Tripoli from western well-fields at Jebel Hassouna, was completed.

Phase III which links the first two Phases is still under construction.

Adam Kuwairi, a senior figure in the Great Man-Made River Authority (GMRA), vividly remembers the impact the fresh water had on him and his family.

“The water changed lives. For the first time in our history, there was water in the tap for washing, shaving and showering,” he told the BBC World Service’s Discovery programme.

“The quality of life is better now, and it’s impacting on the whole country.”

To get an idea of the scale of the Great Man-Made River Project, you have to visit some of the sites.

Grand Omar Mukhtar (BBC)

The Grand Omar Mukhtar will be Libya’s largest man-made reservoir

Libya is opening up, but it’s still hard for foreign journalists to get visas. We had to wait almost six months for ours; but once we arrived in Libya, Libyans were eager to tell us about the project.They took us to see a reservoir under construction at Suluq. When it’s finished, the Grand Omar Mukhtar will be Libya’s largest man-made reservoir.

Standing on the floor of such a huge, empty space is an awesome experience. Concrete walls rise steeply to the sky; tarring machines descend on wires to lay a waterproof coating over the concrete.

Further west along the coast is the Pre-Stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe factory at Brega. This is where they make the 4m-diameter pipes that transport water from the desert to the coast.

Libyans are gaining experience and know-how, and now more than 70% of the manufacturing is done by Libyans

Ali Ibrahim, Brega pipe factory

It’s a modern, well-equipped factory, built specially for the Great Man-Made River Project. So far, the factory has made more than half a million pipes.

The pipes are designed to last 50 years, and each pipe has a unique identification mark, so if anything goes wrong, engineers can quickly establish when the pipe was made.

The engineer in charge of the Brega pipe factory is Ali Ibrahim. He is proud that Libyans are now running the factory: “At first, we had to rely on foreign-owned companies to do the work.

“But now it’s government policy to involve Libyans in the project. Libyans are gaining experience and know-how, and now more than 70% of the manufacturing is done by Libyans. With time, we hope we can decrease the foreign percentage from 30% to 10%.”

Opening markets

With fossil water available in most of Libya’s coastal cities, the government is now beginning to use its water for agriculture.

Over the country as a whole, 130,000 hectares of land will be irrigated for new farms. Some land will be given to small farmers who will grow produce for the domestic market. Large farms, run at first with foreign help, will concentrate on the crops that Libya currently has to import: wheat, oats, corn and barley.

Libya also hopes to make inroads into European and Middle-Eastern markets. An organic grape farm has been set up near Benghazi. Because the soil is so fertile, agronomists hope to grow two cereal crops a year.

Water is seen as key to the country’s future prosperity

It is hard to fault the Libyans on their commitment. They estimate that when the Great Man-Made River is completed, they will have spent almost bn. So far, that money has bought 5,000km of pipeline that can transport 6.5 million cubic metres of water a day from over 1,000 desert wells.

As a result, Libya is now a world leader in hydrological engineering, and it wants to export its expertise to other African and Middle-Eastern countries facing the same problems with their water.

Through its agriculture, Libya hopes to gain a foothold in Europe’s consumer market.

But the Great Man-Made River Project is much more than an extraordinary piece of engineering.

Adam Kuwairi argues that the success of the Great Man-Made River Project has increased Libya’s standing in the world: “It’s another addition to our independence; it gives us the confidence to survive.”

Of course, there are questions. No-one is sure how long the water will last. And until the farms are working, it’s impossible to say whether they will be able to deliver the quantity and quality of produce for which the planners are hoping.

But the combination of water and oil has given Libya a sound economic platform. Ideally placed as the “Gateway to Africa”, Libya is in a good position to play an increasingly influential role in the global economy.

Great Man-Made River Project - Grid map (BBC)

Click here to return

Discovery on BBC World Service will be broadcasting two programmes about the Great Man-Made River Project – the first starting on Tuesday 28 March and the second on Tuesday 4 April. Please check the BBC World Service schedules for regional details

Rolf Thomas Owan Gx writes:“this is a great project, i hope it is put in good working order.”
Rolf–The People’s Liberation Army (division of the Green Resistance) has, as best as possible, been repairing what they can (as the manufacturing plant for the culverts and parts was destroyed by NATO at Brega and all blueprints, purely unique templates and schematics were lost at that time) and the Resistance (under Mu’ammar) monitors the water supply as Muammar has a team of scientists (and this has never stopped) for the safety of the drinking water. In many areas, the ancient pure water has been contaminated by depleted uranium and waste products….and periodicly Mu’ammar has sent out warnings NOT TO DRINK THE WATER.The GNC RAT puppet government has done nothing at all to help and does not do anything but charge a fee for the water entering each household (as the GNC installed water meters to each residence)!!!
Rolf Thomas Owan Gx WRITES:”thank you for the status information, this all, has been a real mess, all in saving a few lives, ” as was told my North America” n has cost thousands of lives, Libya lost all claim to contracts it had let with Russia n France, Civilinfrastructure, is not fothtcoming ” rebuilding” Such a shame to World responsibility and Authority.”
Rolf, America has more than lied to you—Mu’ammar NEVER hurt any civilians in Bengazi or anywhere else. In fact all medical care and medicine was FREE. The Great Jamahiriya was for all. No one paid for their housing, water or electric and not only getting a stipend from the oil revenues each month, essence (gasoline) was like 11 cents per litre–and autos were half priced (any money borrowed was without any interest) and food was co-oped (like Sam’s Club in USA) so very reasonable…Nothing like that now…Mu’ammar was loved by all. Do not let your government fool you—no one was “in danger of being eliminated by Mu’ammar”. No one..In fact, Mu’ammar bulldozed himself many former prisons and pardonned many prisoners from time to time…NO ONE WITHIN was ever tortured or mistreated. There was an overload of medical personal always at hand.
Gaddafi-Central Bank used billion, without interest rates, to build the Great Man-Made River with three parallel pipelines running oil, gas and water supplying 70% of the people (4.5 of its 6 million) with clean drinking and irrigation water. This provides adequate crops for the people and would be a competitive exporter of vegetables with ISRAEL and Egypt.
Great Man made River Project facts:These are some Facts and Figures about GMRA :- Approximately 500,000 pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes have been manufactured to date.- Approximately 500,000 pipes transported to date. Pipe transportation is continuous process and the work goes on day and night, distance traveled by the transporters is equivalent to the sun and back.- Over 3,700 km of haul roads was constructed alongside the pipe line trenchto enable the heavy truck — trailers to deliver pipe to the installation site Phase I Total Length 1,600 Km.Phase II Total Length 2,155 Km.- Volume of Trench Excavation 250 Million Cubic Meter.- The amount of aggregate used in the project : 30,000,000 Ton.Enough to Build 20 pyramids the size of the great pyramid of Khoufu.- Total Weight of Cement used 7.0 Million Tones.- Total Length of Pre-Stressing Wire 6.0 Million KilometersThis would circle the Earth 280 times.
http://libyanpeoplesbureau.com/manmaderiver.htmlThousands of Pipes Were UsedThe SECRET MOTIVE: why the UN declared war on Libya. DESTABILIZATION. They did NOT attack Gaddafi, They attacked Africa’s Fresh Water Supply.“The West refuses to recognize that a small country, with a population no more than six million, can construct anything so large without borrowing a single cent from the international banks.”—“The goal of the Libyan Arab people, embodied in the Great Man-Made River project, is to make Libya a source of agricultural abundance, capable of producing adequate food and water to supply its own needs and to share with neighboring countries. In short, the River is literally Libya’s ‘meal ticket’ to self-sufficiency.”“the river is a new lesson and an example in the struggle to achieve self-sufficiency, food security and true independence. No nation that depends on a foreign country to feed its people can be free. The Great River is a triumph against thirst and hunger. It is a defeat against ignorance and backwardness. It reflects the determination of Libyans to resist colonial pressure, to acquire technology, to develop, to improve their lives, and to control their own destiny in accordance with their own free will.”LIBYA WATER—http://chaoticfate.blogspot.com/2011/03/real-story-of-why-un-went-to-war-with.html

IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT:

“The system Al_husaona River device that it will stop the flow of water to the city of Tripoli as of Wednesday evening “15/5/2013”, in order to carry out maintenance of water transmission lines. System explained in a statement received by the Libyan news agency said on Wednesday a copy of it to the repeated attacks on pipelines have caused water leakage can not control it, but to stop the flow of water in the reservoir area between the tourist and Ain Zara stations and the airport road. They stressed that this is consequent cessation of water, and carry out urgent maintenance, and will re-flow of water immediately after the completion of maintenance work. “
منظومة الحساونة بجهاز النهر الصناعي تعلن عن إيقاف تدفق المياه إلى مدينة طرابلس إعتباراً من مساء اليوم الأربعاء .الأربعاء، 15 مايو 2013 (17:1:0)
- طرابلس 15 مايو 2013 ( وال ) – أعلنت منظومة الحساونة بجهاز النهر الصناعي بأنها ستقوم بإيقاف تدفق المياه إلى مدينة طرابلس إعتباراً من مساء اليوم الأربعاء الموافق ” 15 /5/2013 ” ، وذلك للقيام بعمليات صيانة خطوط نقل المياه . وأوضحت المنظومة في بيان لها تلقت وكالة الأنباء الليبية اليوم الأربعاء نسخة منه أن الإعتداءات المتكررة على خطوط نقل المياه قد تسببت في حدوث تسريب لا يمكن السيطرة عليه إلا بوقف تدفق المياه في المنطقة الواقعة بين خزان السائح ومحطات عين زارة وطريق المطار . وأكدت أن هذا الأمر يترتب عليها وقف المياه ، والقيام بعمليات الصيانة العاجلة ، وسيتم إعادة تدفق المياه فور الإنتهاء من أعمال الصيانة . ( وال )
http://www.lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/22185/منظومة_الحساونة_بجهاز_النهر_الصناعي_تعلن_عن_إيقاف_تدفق_المياه_إلى_مدينة_طرابلس_إعتبارا_من_مساء_اليوم_الأربعاء
Doku Libyens Wüstenwasser – Der künstliche Fluss durch die Sahara – Great Man Made River Libya

Great-Man-Made-River Projekt Über Libyens “Weltwunder”, das GMMRP: Great Man Made River-Projekt.

Pipelines zur Wasserversorgung der libyschen Städte und land..
[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LSiKYBdrupY&w=320&h=266Gaddafi-]

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Libyen / Brega: NATO bombardiert “Great Man Made River”-Fabrik, Kriegsverbrechen…Libya / Brega: NATO bombed “Great Man Made River”factory, war crimes Libia /…

SELECTION from “Vision” of Mummar Gadhafi
https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/03/06/selection-from-vision-of-mummar-gadhafi/
6 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… July 24, 2011 LIBYA : GREAT MAN MADE RIVER reason for NATO attack BREAKING NEWS- IMPORTANT- NATO are … methinks..http://seeker401.wordpress.com/2011/03/23/libyas-great-manmade-river-is-this-the-real-reason-to-attack/ Posted by S.O.S. at …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Plots Against al-Qathafi: a long time in the US MAKING

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/02/25/osama-bin-laden-out-to-capture-gadhafi-as-a-heretic/
25 February 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Qadhafi initiated the construction of the Great Man Made River, which took years to complete (see illustration and photo above). … and higher than England’s. They are building a Great Manmade River in the Sahara from vast subterranean seas of water, next to …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Dans le sillage de la Seconde Guerre III, la Jamahiriya retours/ IN THE WAKE OF WW III, The JAMAHIRIYA RETURNS!
SELECTION from “Vision” of Mummar Gadhafi
https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/03/06/selection-from-vision-of-mummar-gadhafi/
6 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… July 24, 2011 LIBYA : GREAT MAN MADE RIVER reason for NATO attack BREAKING NEWS- IMPORTANT- NATO are … methinks..

SELECTION from “Vision” of Mummar Gadhafi

theorbo1.wordpress.com

Vision [Relié] Muammar Al Gaddafi (Auteur), Hans Schmid (Traduction) omments on Muammar Qaddafi by a Mathaba Committee in USA Posted: 2011/07/19 From: Mathaba, http://networkedblogs.com/kA…https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/02/25/osama-bin-laden-out-to-capture-gadhafi-as-a-heretic/
25 February 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Qadhafi initiated the construction of the Great Man Made River, which took years to complete (see illustration and photo above). … and higher than England’s. They are building a Great Manmade River in the Sahara from vast subterranean seas of water, next to …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Dans le sillage de la Seconde Guerre III, la Jamahiriya retours/ IN THE WAKE OF WW III, The JAMAHIRIYA RETURNS!

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/dans-le-sillage-de-la-seconde-guerre-iii-la-jamahiriya-retours-in-the-wake-of-ww-iii-the-jamahiriya-returns/
13 January 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… to billion – now frozen globally. Great Man-Made River project in Libya… billion 11. If a Libyan is unable to get employment … Water of Life: The Great Manmade River has made the African Desert …
Direct Democracy of the Jamahiriya / La démocratie directe de la Jamahiriya—— الجماهيرية العظمى

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/direct-democracy-of-the-jamahiriya-la-democratie-directe-de-la-jamahiriya/
1 February 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… also initiated development of the Great Manmade River, in order to allow free access to fresh water across large parts of the … Libya. Libyans have described the Great ManmadeRiver, a project initiated by Gaddafi, as the “Eighth Wonder of the World”. The …
Introduction to “MY VISION” by Muammar Gadhafi, ed. Edmond Jouve, 08-2009

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/03/03/introduction-to-my-vision-by-muammar-gadhafi-ed-edmond-jouve-08-2009/
3 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Abdel Nasser to consider Libya a partner in his Pan-Arab project, offering Nasser access to Libyan resources in the struggle against … Qadhafi initiated the construction of the Great Man Made River, which took years to complete (see illustration and photo above). …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Fenêtre sur l’âme de Muammar al-Kadhafi/AWindow into the Soul of Muammar al-Qathafi/

Plots Against al-Qathafi: a long time in the US MAKING

theorbo1.wordpress.com

40 Years of F-UK-US Attempts to Kill Gaddafi Posted: 2011/05/01 From: Mathaba … http://www.mathaba.net/news/?x=626593%3Frelatedby Richard Lance Keeble, Professor of Journalism at the University of…

31 March 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Gaddafi startete Das “Great-Man-Made-River-Projekt” (GMMRP oder GMMR, dt. Großer menschengemachter Fluss-Projekt) … and the ummah will become great. [The Great Man-made River projet—the desert of Bengazi blooms] / The AFRICAN DINAR/ AFRICAN BANK … Mucktar (when no other person would dare to finance such a project under immense threat) ? Who else has won the hearts of millions all …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
A New Beginning /un nouveau départ

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/11/24/a-new-beginning-un-nouveau-depart/
24 November 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… revolution of latest decades is one without a project and has `revolutionaries` without an identity working on a pre and post … was to be the new capitol of Sirte)…. The Great Man-Made River project was far from yet complete–He itended it to eventually encompass …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
Resistance Vert au bord de la Triumph Jamahiriya / Green Resistance on the Verge of Jamahiriya Triumph/

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/05/12/resistance-vert-au-bord-de-la-triumph-jamahiriya-green-resistance-on-the-verge-of-jamahiriya-triumph/
12 May 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Great ManMade River Projest, step One: Libye. Mouammar Kadhafi visite un pipeline dans le … Almgarha youth abducted by Nina Almzarat in agricultural project وردنا الآن …. تم بحمد الله تحرير شباب …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind, Environment, water
Histoire de la Libye et la Grande Jamahiriya / History of Libya and the Great JAMAHIRIYA

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/06/17/histoire-de-la-libye-et-la-grande-jamahiriya-history-of-libya-and-the-great-jamahiriya/
17 June 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… aircraft registration; Notes the Great Artificial River , mammoth project underway, which will supply water to the north of the country [7] Great Artificial River Great Man Made RiverIdeas for a greener Libya …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
NEW JAMAHIRIYA (CARETAKER-) GOVERNMENT IS FORMED in LIBYA

A New Beginning /un nouveau départ

theorbo1.wordpress.com

27 September 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… government had started a project called the Great Man Made River which sought to irrigate the Libyan dessert and would have significantly … of any state in Africa. Gaddafi described the Great Manmade River as the “Eighth Wonder of the World”. Gaddafi ordered …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/03/01/bonjour-tout-le-monde-22-ferraghju-2011/
3 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Abdel Nasser to consider Libya a partner in his Pan-Arab project, offering Nasser access to Libyan resources in the struggle against … Qadhafi initiated the construction of the Great Man Made River, which took years to complete (see illustration and photo above). …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Bonjour tout le monde

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/03/01/bonjour-tout-le-monde-22-ferraghju-2011/
1 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… steel plant in the town of Misrata and the Great Man-Made River, a scheme to pipe water from desert wells to coastal communities. He … Aug. 18, 2007, to mark the arrival of water from the Great Manmade River, a project to pipe water from desert wells to coastal …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique
SENT AMOUNG US, to SAVE the entire Earth: Muammar al-Qathafi

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/03/06/sent-amoung-us-to-save-the-entire-earth-muammar-al-qathafi/
6 March 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… without interest rates, to build the Great Man-Made River of 3,750 kilometers with three parallel pipelines running oil, gas and … The bombing of the Libyan water project (the ‘GreatManmade River’), the bombing of schools, hospitals and population centers, …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
Fenêtre sur l’âme de Muammar al-Kadhafi/AWindow into the Soul of Muammar al-Qathafi/

Bonjour tout le monde

theorbo1.wordpress.com

Kadhafi, l’enquête corse Kadhafi est le fils d’un aviateur corse au nom d’Albert Preziosi Left (and inset) Captain Albert Preziosi, aged 27, right Libyan guide to 33 years. [Gadhafi during the summ…

31 March 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
…… Gaddafi startete Das “Great-Man-Made-River-Projekt” (GMMRP oder GMMR, dt. Großer menschengemachter Fluss-Projekt) … and the ummah will become great. [The Great Man-made River projet–the desert of Bengazi blooms] / The AFRICAN DINAR/ AFRICAN BANK … Mucktar (when no other person would dare to finance such a project under immense threat) ? Who else has won the hearts of millions all …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
al-QATHAFI and the Libyan Jamahiriya beyond the Front Page
https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/02/21/al-qathafi-and-the-libyan-jamahiriya-beyond-the-front-page/
21 February 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… to the Great Desert. One of the missions cruised the River Niger. The people of Timbuktu asked the explorers: “what are you doing … first day today, they make up the frontface of the project in the occupation of Libya. According to news received by …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
A New Beginning /un nouveau départ

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/11/24/a-new-beginning-un-nouveau-depart/
24 November 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… revolution of latest decades is one without a project and has `revolutionaries` without an identity working on a pre and post … was to be the new capitol of Sirte)…. The Great Man-Made River project was far from yet complete–He itended it to eventually encompass …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
Marionnettes dernière seulement aussi longtemps que leurs cordes sont attachées / Marionettes last only as long as their strings are attached

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/07/13/marionnettes-derniere-seulement-aussi-longtemps-que-leurs-cordes-sont-attachees-marionettes-last-only-as-long-as-their-strings-are-attached/
13 July 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… Nicaraguan youth their role in defying the Imperialistic project and for their support for the Libyan people, and through them sends … free housing for all Libyan people, the Great Man Made River project which provides 70% of Libyans with pure deep aquifer water. …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind, Libyan Resistance, libyan history

al-QATHAFI and the Libyan Jamahiriya beyond the Front Page

theorbo1.wordpress.com

Muammar al-Qathafi, Our Brother leader who is the Commander of the Libyan Jamahiriya Green Resistance, with Senussi–taken between 14:00 and 16:00 Somewhere in the desert. PHOTO BY ADIL NAJI…

26 March 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… … For Democracy (NED), the leader of the “pro-democracy” project in Libya (31), as well as the notorious globalist institution Freedom … grand public works, such as the improbable Great Man-Made River project, a massive endeavour inspired, perhaps, by ancient Bedouin water …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique
Depuis le siège de Bani Walid à la victoire Vert / From the Siege of BANI WALID to Green Victory

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2012/10/10/depuis-le-siege-de-bani-walid-a-la-victoire-vert-from-the-siege-of-bani-walid-to-green-victory/
10 October 2012 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… al-Qathafi gave BANI WALID LIFE with the Great Man-Made River Project. By January 2011, BANI WALID had a growing population of 139,000 …
Topics: Non classé, History, Actualités et politique, Mankind
Fairy Tales Do Not Always End Happily Ever After

https://theorbo1.wordpress.com/2011/12/02/fairy-tales-do-not-always-end-happily-ever-after/
2 December 2011 by theorbo1 on Windows Live space
… “mad” Gaddafi began in 1980 a huge project to supply water for Libya, Egypt, Sudan and Chad and nearly … are irrigated using water from the “Great Man Made RiverProject”. This project taps into huge underground aquifers under … known and provides for the establishment of an artificial river, so that the population in the north of Libya can be supplied with …
Topics: History, Actualités et politique, Mankind

Depuis le siège de Bani Walid à la victoire Vert / From the Siege of BANI WALID to Green Victory

theorbo1.wordpress.com

Muammar al-Qathafi gave BANI WALID LIFE with the Great Man-Made River Project. By January 2011, BANI WALID had a growing population of 139,000 residents. By February 2012, because of the NATO/CIA l…

NATO bombs the Great Man-Made River in Libya cutting water supply to people
By Renata / 05August 2011 /

http://www.setyoufreenews.com/2011/08/05/nato-bombs-the-great-man-made-river-in-libya-cutting-water-supply-to-people/…Voir plus

NATO bombs the Great Man-Made River in Libya cutting water supply to people

www.setyoufreenews.com

http://www.setyoufreenews.com/2011/08/05/nato-bombs-the-great-man-made-river-in-libya-cutting-water-supply-to-people/

Listen to Jeff Rense interview with Susan Lindauer about NATO war crimes in Libya.

The interview was recorded on 29th July, 2011.

Topics include:

Libya’s Great Man-Made River Project being bombed by NATO cutting water supply to people;
Libya’s oil and gold reserves;
Gaddafi’s achievements for Libyan people;
True reasons behind the war in Libya.
From Human Rights Investigations:

It is a war crime to attack essential civilian infrastructure. 95% of Libya is desert and 70% of Libyans depend on water which is piped in from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System under the southern desert. The water pipe infrastructure is probably the most essential civilian infrastructure in Libya. Key to its continued function, particularly in time of war, is the Brega pipe factory which enables leaks and breaks in the system to be repaired.

NATO has admitted that its jets attacked the pipe factory on 22 July, claiming in justification that it was used as a military storage facility and rockets were launched from there.

The Great Man-Made River

Libyans like to call the Great Man-Made River “The eighth wonder of the world”.

According to a March 2006 report by the BBC the industrialisation of Libya following the Great Al-Fatah Revolution in 1969, put strain on water supplies and coastal aquifers became contaminated with sea water, to such an extent that the water in Benghazi was undrinkable. Finding a supply of fresh, clean water became a government priority and fortunately oil exploration in the 1950s had revealed vast aquifers beneath Libya’s southern desert.

In August 1984, Muammar Al Qadhafi laid the foundation stone for the pipe production plant at Brega. The Great Man-Made River Project had begun. Adam Kuwairi, a senior figure in the Great Man-Made River Authority (GMRA), vividly remembers the impact the fresh water had on him and his family:

“The water changed lives. For the first time in our history, there was water in the tap for washing, shaving and showering. The quality of life is better now, and it’s impacting on the whole country.”

On 3 April Libya warned that NATO-led air strikes could cause a “human and environmental disaster” if air strikes damaged the Great Man-Made River project.

Engineer and project manager Abdelmajid Gahoud told foreign journalists in Tripoli:

“If part of the infrastructure is damaged, the whole thing is affected and the massive escape of water could cause a catastrophe,” leaving 4.5 million thirsty Libyans deprived of drinking water.

The Brega Pipe-Making Plant

The Pre-Stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe Factory at Brega is one of only two such facilities in Libya – the other being at Sarir to the east. This makes it a very important component of the Great Man-Made River – with two production lines making up to 80 pipes a day.

According to the BBC:

The engineer in charge of the Brega pipe factory is Ali Ibrahim. He is proud that Libyans are now running the factory:

“At first, we had to rely on foreign-owned companies to do the work. But now it’s government policy to involve Libyans in the project. Libyans are gaining experience and know-how, and now more than 70% of the manufacturing is done by Libyans. With time, we hope we can decrease the foreign percentage from 30% to 10%.”

As a result, Libya is now a world leader in hydrological engineering and it wants to export its expertise to other African and Middle-Eastern countries facing similar problems with their water.

According to the official web site of the Great Man-Made River Authority:

Approximately 500,000 pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes have been manufactured to date. Approximately 500,000 pipes transported to date. Pipe transportation is continuous process and the work goes on day and night, distance traveled by the transporters is equivalent to the sun and back. Over 3,700 km of haul roads was constructed alongside the pipe line trench to enable the heavy truck – trailers to deliver pipe to the installation site.

NATO Attack
On 22 July NATO warplanes attacked the pipe making plant at Brega killing six of the facility’s security guards.

According to AP, Abdel-Hakim el-Shwehdy, head of the company running the project, said:

“Major parts of the plant have been damaged. There could be major setback for the future projects.”

Water supply to Brega Cut

On Monday 18 July rebel spokesman Shamsiddin Abdulmolah told AFP that remnants of Gadhafi’s troops were holed up among industrial facilities in Brega with supplies dwindling.

“Their food and water supplies are cut and they now will not be able to sleep.”

Given the rebel boasts that the pro-Gadaffi forces in Brega had no water, the question has to be posed whether this attack was a deliberate attempt to prevent repair of the pipeline into Brega.

NATO Response

In response to HRI enquiry, NATO press office said:

We can confirm that we targeted Brega on July 22nd and we stroke successfully: one military storage facility and four armed vehicles.”

HRI requested clarification:

The building you hit (apparently in the Brega pipe factory) was being used for what kind of military storage?

What considerations were taken into account to ensure that the strikes did not damage civilian infrastructure or was damage to the civilian infrastructure considered legitimate?

Given the potential consequences to civilians of damage to the pipe factory and the ability of the engineers to be able to repair broken water pipelines I hope you will appreciate the importance of these questions.

At the 26th July at the NATO press conference in Naples Colonel Rolond Lavoie, neglecting to inform the assembled journalists that the “concrete factory” plays an important role in preserving Libya’s water supply, said:

Now in the area of Brega, NATO strikes included armoured vehicles, rocket launchers, military storage facilities and a repurposed concrete factory from which Pro-Gaddafi forces were using multi-viral [sic] rocket launchers, exposing the population to indirect fire.

Let me show you some intelligence pictures that illustrate what we have observed at this concrete factory. By the way these pictures will be made available on the NATO site so it will be possible for the media can download them

So basically repeatedly over the last few weeks we got clear intelligence indicating that pro-Gadaffi forces are using this factory for military purposes. This factory is being used to hide military material including Multiple Rocket Launchers. These weapons have been used every day from within this factory compound and then carefully hidden after the day within or along massive pipes you can see in this picture.

http://humanrightsinvestigations.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/20110726_110726a-002-hr.jpg?w=300&h=254

humanrightsinvestigations.files.wordpress.com

http://humanrightsinvestigations.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/20110726_110726a-001.jpg?w=300&h=191
http://humanrightsinvestigations.files.wordpress.com/2011/07/20110726_110726a-001.jpg?w=300&h=191

humanrightsinvestigations.files.wordpress.com

Slide 1 20 July apparently shows a BM-21 rocket launcher -a model of rocket launcher widely used by both loyalist and rebel forces in Libya.
Slide 2 23 July apparently shows a BM-21 rocket launcher. The slide shows black smoke in the centre of the picture which suggests two hits (possibly on vehicles) have already been made, with the BM-21 left intact.

Neither slide appears to show the building which was destroyed in the video or helps to understand when or why that was hit. So the photos lead to more questions than they answer – clearly the BM-21, spotted on the 20th, was not considered a priority target, and there is nothing in the NATO explanation which explains why the water supplies of the Libyan people have now been put at such risk.

On 27th July further enquiries by HRI elicited the additional information that

The factory is being used to hide military material, including multiple rocket launchers. These weapons have been used every day from within this factory compound and then carefully hidden after the day within the factory buildings and the area.

and

All sites that could be used by the pro-Qadhafi regime forces to threaten or attack civilians can be considered as a legitimate target by NATO in full accordance with UNSCR 1973. That resolution mandates the use of all necessary measures to protect civilians in Libya from attack or threat of attacks.

According to the NATO press office, the attack was within the rules of engagement agreed upon by all 28 countries in the coalition by consensus. It seems unlikely that the rules of engagement would allow this attack or that the states in the Security Council would agree that a devious interpretation of UN Security Council Resolution 1973 should supercede international humanitarian law.
NATO have failed to provide answers to the following questions:

Do you have any concrete evidence that rockets were fired from inside the pipe-making plant?
Can you explain the precise targeting and timing of strikes within this facility?
What steps were taken to ensure collateral damage to the facility was avoided?
What alternatives were considered to military strikes on this factory?
من عجائب الدنيا النهر الصناعي العظيم

عشت ايها القائد المقدام الذي قمت بروي الملايين من الناااس عشت لنا ابا ومعلما ^^

22 janvier, 02:14 ·
https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=324532637658595&set=a.151115618333632.27804.151114345000426&type=1&theater

Photos du journal

الترهوني يصفق بالقوّة **********والحاسد خمسه في ســوّة
دم ضنانا مانبيعوه *******…Afficher la suite

Par : Asham el-watan ( alla, moamer , libya only )
The attempted bombing of the Great Man-Made River Island (الجعب) in Benghazi

By News on Saturday, 18 مايو, 2013 | 02:33

The Gaddafi International News Agency – Benghazi.
A picture of the attempted bombing of the Great Man-Made River Island in Benghazi shortly before.

How Gaddafi`s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars

From: Mathaba

It was Muammar Gaddafi`s dream to provide fresh water for all Libyans and to make Libya self-sufficient in food production.

Libyans called it the eighth wonder of the world. Western media called it a pet project and the pipe dream of a mad dog. The “mad dog”himself in 1991 prophetically said about the largest civil engineering venture in the world:

After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double. The United States will make excuses, but the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.

Gaddafi’s dream

It was Muammar Gaddafi’s dream to provide fresh water for all Libyans and to make Libya self-sufficient in food production. In 1953, the search for new oilfields in the deserts of southern Libya led to the discovery not just of significant oil reserves, but also of vast quantities of fresh water trapped in the underlying strata. The four ancient water aquifers that were discovered, each had estimated capacities ranging between 4,800 and 20,000 cubic kilometers. Most of this water was collected between 38,000 and 14,000 years ago, though some pockets are believed to be only 7,000 years old.

After Gaddafi and the Free Unitary Officers seized power in a bloodless coup from the corrupt King Idris during the Al-Fateh Revolution in 1969,the Jamahiriya government nationalized the oil companies and spent much of the oil revenues to harness the supply of fresh water from the desert aquifers by putting in hundreds of bore wells. Large farms were established in southern Libya to encourage the people to move to the desert. It turned out that the majority of the people however preferred life in the northern coastal areas.

Therefore Gaddafi subsequently conceived a plan to bring the water to the people instead. The Libyan Jamahiriya government conducted the initial feasibility studies in 1974, and in 1983 the Great Man-Made River Authority was set up. This fully government funded project was designed in five phases, each of them largely separate in itself, but which eventually would combine to form an integrated system. As water in Gaddafi’s Libya was regarded to be a human right, there has not been any charge on the people, nor were any international loans needed for the almost billion cost of the project.

In 1996, during the opening of Phase II of the Great Man-Made River Project, Gaddafi said:

This is the biggest answer to America and all the evil forces who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism. We are only concerned with peace and progress. America is against life and progress; it pushes the world toward darkness.

Development and destruction

At the time of the NATO-led war against Libya in 2011, three phases of the Great Man-Made River Project were completed. The first andlargest phase, providing two million cubic metres of water a day along a 1,200 km pipeline to Benghazi and Sirte, was formally inaugurated in August 1991. Phase II includes the delivery of one million cubic meters of water a day to the western coastal belt and also supplies Tripoli. Phase III provides the planned expansion of the existing Phase I system, and supplies Tobruk and the coast from a new well-field.

The ‘rivers’ are a 4000-kilometer network of 4 meters diameter lined concrete pipes, buried below the desert sands to prevent evaporation. There are 1300 wells, 500,000 sections of pipe, 3700 kilometers of haul roads, and 250 million cubic meters of excavation. All material for the project was locally manufactured. Large reservoirs provide storage, and pumping stations control the flow into the cities.

The last two phases of the project should involve extending the distribution network together. When completed, the irrigation water from the Great Man-Made River would enable about 155,000 hectares of land to be cultivated. Or, as Gaddafi defined, the project would make the desert as green as the flag of the Libyan Jamahiriya.

In 1999, UNESCO accepted Libya’s offer to fund the Great Man-Made River International Water Prize, an award that rewards remarkable scientific research work on water usage in arid areas.

Many foreign nationals worked in Libya on the Great Man-Made River Project for decades. But after the start of NATO’s so-called humanitarian bombing of the North-African country in March 2011, most foreign workers have returned home. In July 2011, NATO not only bombed the Great Man-Made River water supply pipeline near Brega, but also destroyed the factory that produces the pipes to repair it,claiming in justification that it was used as “a military storage facility”and that “rockets were launched from there”. Six of the facility’s security guards were killed in the NATO attack, and the water supply for the 70% of the population who depend on the piped supply for personal use and for irrigation has been compromised with this damage to Libya’s vital infrastructure.

The construction on the last two phases of the Great Man-Made River Project were scheduled to continue over the next two decades, but NATO’s war on Libya has thrown the project’s future – and the well-being of the Libyan people – into great jeopardy.

A German language documentary shows the size and brilliance of the project:

Water Wars

Fresh clean water, as provided to the Libyans by the Great Man-Made River, is essential to all life forms. Without fresh water we simply cannot function. Right now, 40% of the global population has little to no access to clean water, and that figure is actually expected to jump to 50% by 2025. According to the United Nations Development Program 2007, global consumption of water is doubling every 20 years, more than twice the rate of human population growth. Simultaneously, every single year most of the major deserts around the world are becoming bigger and the amount of usable agricultural land in most areas is becoming smaller, while rivers, lakes and major underground aquifers around the globe are drying up – except in Gaddafi’s Libya.

In the light of the current world developments, there is more to the NATO destruction of the Great Man-Made River Project than being an isolated war crime. The United Nations Environment Program 2007 describes a so-called “water for profit scheme”, which actively promotes the privatization and monopolization for the world’s water supplies by multinational corporations. Meanwhile the World Bank recently adopted a policy of water privatization and full-cost water pricing, with one of its former directors, Ismail Serageldin, stating:“The wars of the 21st century will be fought over water”.

In practice this means that the United Nations in collaboration with the World Bank plans to secure water resources to use at their disposal,and that once they totally control these resources, the resources become assets to be reallocated back to the enslaved nations for a price. Those prices will rise while the quality of the water will decrease, and fresh water sources will become less accessible to those who desperately need it. Simply put, one of the most effective ways to enslave the people is to take control of their basic daily needs and to take away their self-sufficiency.

How this relates to the NATO destruction of Gaddafi’s Great Man-Made River Project in July 2011 can be best illustrated by the Hegelian Dialectic, popularly known as the concept of Problem -> Reaction -> Solution. In this case, by bombing the water supply and the pipes factory, a Problem was created with an ulterior motive, namely to gain control over the most precious part of Libya’s infrastructure.Subsequently a Reaction in the form of an immediate widespread need was provoked as a result of the Problem, since as much as 70% of the Libyans depend on the Great Man-Made River for personal use as well as for the watering of the land. A month after the destruction of the Great Man-Made River, more than half of Libya was without running water. Ultimately a predetermined Solution was implemented: in order to have access to fresh water, the inhabitants of the war-torn country had no choice but to fully depend on – and thus to be enslaved to – the NATO-installed government.

A ‘democratic‘ and ‘democracy-bringing’ government that came to power through the wounding and killing of thousands of Libyans by‘humanitarian bombs’, and that overthrow the ‘dictator’ whose dream it was to provide fresh water for all Libyans for free.

War is still peace, freedom is still slavery.

Sources and further information:

http://www.water-technology.net/projects/gmr/
http://www.uruknet.info/?new=81150
http://american_almanac.tripod.com/libya.htm
http://www.activistpost.com/2012/12/the-coming-water-wars.html
http://www.caseyresearch.com/articles/coming-water-wars
http://www.thedailysheeple.com/the-groundwater-footprint-over-population-threatens-water-resources_082012

GREED OVER LIBYAN SECRET TREASURE: BLUE GOLD

SPECIAL REPORT by Lady Michelle Jennifer Santos – TSR Founder & Publisher and Strategy/Peace Negotiator with the UN Security Council Special Envoy to the Arab Nations

July 12, 2011 (TSR) – Water is not a renewable resource. The majority of people think about water quantity when they are pumping, but rarely do they ask about renewability. People have been mining it without restraint because it has not been priced properly. Just like everything else, we take it for granted.

According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 1.7 billion people still lack access to clean water. 2.3 billion people suffer from water-borne diseases each year.

The signs of a shrinking water supply can be seen worldwide. Water-intensive agriculture, population growth, industrial pollution, breakneck development and other ecological threats are depleting freshwater supplies. Most restaurants no longer provide a free glass of water to diners and cities restrict its use for private pools and gardens. More than 98 percent of the Earth’s water is saltwater, and most of the rest is locked in polar ice caps. The world’s lakes, rivers and streams account for just 1 percent of the freshwater. Scientists say any shrinking of the ice caps may only intensify the supply problem by raising saltwater levels.

When water becomes an expensive market commodity, social cohesion erodes in neighborhoods and communities. The result is that basic rights become privileges that are earned only by the depth of one’s pocket.

There is a growing struggle against corporations growing water-thirsty cash crops destined for export, while millions of people still go thirsty or fall sick from polluted water. Multinational corporations have taken advantage of the growing water crisis in Africa for financial gain. Aided by the World Bank, corporations receive subsidies to privatize water utilities and management. The corporations cherry pick water systems that are profitable and demand contracts that ignore the needs of the poor.

These report series is dedicated to my mentor, brother and best friend, a British (Lord) Royal and the UN Security Council Special Envoy to the Arab Nations, who is presumed captive and missing days after the last surprise suicide bombing attempt they did to us in Geneva, Switzerland at the same time as the London Conference on Libya for which the media and the Powers that be blocked out from the world. My dearest brother, wherever you are, I love and miss you terribly. I am still standing. I will honor our pact before we got separated that no matter what happens I will not stop being who I am. I will tell the world the TRUTH and will not fear Sarcozy, Cameron and Obama and their minions. I will not stay silent about these malevolent crimes against Gaddafi, his family, the innocent Libyan people, us and humanity. I will honor the lives of our 67 friends and staff, the thousands who have died for standing up and not selling their integrity and Soul. I will not let you down. A promise is a promise. I will fearlessly continue to stand, though alone, and hold up my little candle against these Vampires until my last breath and wake up humanity from this Wicked Web. I love you very much. Come back soon. – Lady Michelle Jennifer Santos

Policies driven by institutions such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have left little room for local decisions and instead have forced privatization of water on poor countries. These international finance institutions make loans contingent on privatization and increased cost recovery‚ which often requires charging high fees for water even for people living in extreme poverty. The results in numerous countries have been disastrous – less access to water for the poor, extremely high rates, and poor water quality.

To make matters worse, some of the biggest food companies in the world are now modifying rivers to transport cheap agricultural commodities from inland areas out to coastal ports to be exported. Not only are these companies shipping massive quantities of cash crops and the water used to grow them to be used somewhere else, but they are also getting public funding to do it.

Water quality and availability will make political disputes worse.In 2006, the United Nations predicted that half the African population will live in countries facing water stress within 25 years. Sub-Saharan Africa has the lowest level access to potable water and sanitation in the world; 55 percent of the population lives without access to clean water.

Today, nine of the 10 nations with the “most extreme risk” of interruptions to water supply are in the Middle East and North Africa. North Africa receives little rain, and its population is concentrated on the coasts, where groundwater reserves are becoming increasingly brackish – a slightly salty taste due to the mixture of river water and seawater – and nearing depletion while the Middle East faces highest risk of water shortage.

The Yemen crisis, for instance, is far more immediate, as their fossil water will soon be depleted. The Sana’a Basin is down to its last few years of extractable water. Worsening the situation is Yemen’s tenuous government, shaky economy, and role as a haven for terrorists.

Latin America is active in fighting back against the abuses of their land and water. The “water war” waged by Cochabamba residents in Bolivia in 2000, led by trade unions and campesino organizations against private water giant Bechtel, inaugurated a decade of resistance against corporate control over water in Latin America. This movement has has already resulted constitutional reforms to prevent water privatization and ensure public control of water resources in Bolivia, Ecuador and Colombia and a successful constitutional plebiscite in Uruguay.

In China, 20 percent of the world’s people live there, yet only 7 percent of the fresh water supply is in China.

FACT: A typical American uses more water flushing toilets each day than the water available to an average person in Africa.

BEHOLD THE MIRACLE UNDER THE SANDS OF TIME

Sahara, an arid abode of sand dunes and fossils, was a much wetter environment 5,000 years ago. Desert cliff drawings from that time depict giraffes, elephants, and hippos. Much of the water that fed that ecosystem seeped through layers of sandstone to form “fossil water”—nonrenewable aquifers dating from at least 5,000 to 10,000 years ago.

Paleowater, or fossil water, is as valuable as fossil fuel and the only option in desert nations, who are its obvious only users. This ancient freshwater was created eons ago and trapped underground in huge reservoirs, or aquifers. Agricultural projects harnessing fossil water have been successful in several places.

Many people are using it, and using it up, without knowing. And like oil, no one knows how much there is—but as we know of all our natural resources, when it’s gone, it’s gone.

The North Western Sahara Aquifer System. North Western Sahara Aquifer System (widely known under the French acronym SASS) is shared by Algeria, Libya and Tunisia. SASS covers a total area of more than 1 million sq Km, and contains considerable water reserves estimated at 30,000 billion m³. The trans-boundary nature of this major aquifer exposes it to various risks such as over-exploitation, and water quality degradation.

The North Western Sahara Aquifer System (NWSAS), shared by Algeria, Libya and Tunisia, contains considerable water reserves which are, however, mostly non-renewable and not fully exploitable. The NWSAS covers an area of over 1 million Km2 and includes two main deep aquifer layers: the Intercalary Continental and the Terminal Complex. During the last thirty years, withdrawals from NWSAS grew apace from 0.6 to 2.5 billion m3/an. Due to the non-concerted withdrawal multiplication, the resource is currently confronting many risks such as water salinity, declining artesianism, natural discharge depletion, piezometric level drawdown, or interferences between the countries.

Facts & Figures – The Great Man Made River (GMMR)

These are some Facts and Figures about GMRA :

– Approximately 547.000 pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes have been manufactured to date.

(Phase III)
– Approximately 547.000 pipes transported to date. Pipe transportation is continuous process

and the work goes on day and night, distance traveled by the transporters is equivalent to the

sun and back.

– Approximately 5.200.000 tons of cement

– Approximately 24,000,000 tons of rubble and gravel

– Approximately 4.300.000 kilometers of steel wire

– Approximately 43.000.000 kilometers from sheets of iron and steel

– Approximately 155.000.000) cubic meters of soil excavation

– Over 3,700 km of haul roads was constructed alongside the pipe line trench to enable the heavy

truck – trailers to deliver pipe to the installation site

Phase I Total Length 1,600 Km.
Phase II Total Length 2,155 Km.

Phase III Total Length …….. Km. – Phase III was inaugurated in 2010 by Muammar Al Gaddafi

Phase IV Total Length ……. Km.

Phase V Total Length …….. Km.

– Volume of Trench Excavation 250 Million

Cubic Meter.

– The amount of aggregate used in the project :

30,000,000 Ton.

Enough to Build 20 pyramids the size of the

great pyramid of Khoufu.

– Total Weight of Cement used 7.0 Million Tones.

– Total Length of Pre-Stressing Wire 6.0 Million

Kilometers
This would circle the Earth 280 times.

– The 1,300 wells which will be drilled will ultimately

produce 6.5 Million cubic meters of water per day.

Pictures right above; Top: map of WELLFILDS & RESERVORIS. – Tazerbo wellfield, Sarir wellfield, Fezzan wellfield. Reservoirs are in Benghazi, Tobruk, Sirt and near Tripoli.

In total, the Great Man-Made River project requires the drilling of 960 wells with depths varying from 450 to 650 meters. The network of wells covers on area of 8000 square km.

8 km of carbonised metal wire is wound around each pipe segment, that means the length of wire required for the first phase alone is sufficient to encircle the globe 230 times.

The volume of water in the reservoir in the Kufra basin exceeds the amount
of water that would flow from the Nile basin in 220 years.

The volume of water that will flow daily from this artificial river upon completion is equal to half the amount of oil produced daily all over the world.

The stone and sand used to manufacture the pipes would be enough to build 16 of the Giza Pyramids in Egypt. The quantity of cement used in this project could build a highway from Tripoli to Bombay.

Experts anticipate that the estimated 6 million cubic metres of drinking water pumped through the pipelines daily should cover the needs of the Libyan People for over 50 years.

It is really worthwhile to spend a little time visiting such a majestic work. The great man-made river can not be appreciated until you see it yourself. When peace is back in Libya make a trip to the surface man-made lakes which accommodate huge amounts of water in fabricated basins, so big that they can be crossed in a speed boat. These sites have a special beauty, a fascinating and strange mixture of man’s will and ingenuity and the immensity of nature.

In the ninth month of the year (1984) began work on a Great Man Made River to transport groundwater basins infidels and bed and Tazrbu and Fezzan in the south to the cities of Benghazi and Sirte and Tripoli, Tobruk and other coastal cities in the north through the system, huge pipes huge total extension of about (3.380 ) kilometers was set up two plants in the bed and Brega for the provision of these tubes made of material concrete the previous stress and is buried in the trenches of the underground at a depth of (7) meters have been drilled (960) wells at depths ranging from (450) meters, and between (650) meters in the basin Tazrbu bed and Fezzan and Kufra.

Benghazi is since 1991 connected and receives fresh water from the Great Man Made River. Tripoli since 1996.

The 5 phases of the Great Man Made River project

There a 5 phases of the Great-Man-Made-River project. Muammar Al Gaddafi was able to inaugurate the finishing of the 3th project phase. Unfortunately, phase 4 and 5 of the greatest civil water project on earth are now on halt as UN – Security Council (France, USA, United Kingdom and China Russia) supported a No-Flight zone resoution 1973.

NATO planes bombarded during the early days of the war on Libya the main pipe producing factory (Brega) and destroyed also parts of the Water-Pipe-System of phase 3. (This is an WAR CRIME)

Video: NATO bombed “Great Man Made River”factory

* Click Here to watch the video

Stages of the industrial river

The first phase

Contain the first stage on the two systems of pipes the first stretch of Tazrbu to Sellouk and the second from the bed to the Sirte included the system first drilling (120) wells and D (800) kilometers of pipes of Tazrbu to Benghazi and produces field Tazrbu million cubic meters of water per day exploit (98 ) wells and the rest is just a precaution.
Of the bed start system pipes the following which contains the collection network strength (126) wells of which is used (113) and the remaining reserves of the bed starts the flow of million cubic meters of water per day in two parallel lines to the tank Ajdabiya then Ajdabiya heading another branch of the system holds ( 1.18) million cubic meters of water east to Benghazi and another branch heading west towards the city of Sirte carries (820) thousand cubic meters of water.

Phase II

This topic is aimed to phase transfer of (2.5) million cubic meters of water from wells located in two fields in the Mount Al_husaona.
Oriented system to the coastal areas in western mass that extends from the western Al Heisha new about easy Ajafarh and land located between Alchuirv to Tarhunah length of the system around me (1676) kilometers and extend the system with water (484) wells card (2) million cubic meters a day.
At this stage, begin collecting water in the pipe network especially flowing through the water collection tanks and then enter the pumping stations located at the end of the well fields mission push water through the highland areas until you reach the sloping land and off after that flow naturally toward the Alchuirv then subdivided the line into two branches the central branch heading north.

Until it reaches near Tarhunah and section east off in the direction of the north-east and when the plug follows the line path along the coastal road passing near the cities of Misurata, Zeliten and five until it reaches the Qara Bolli where the reservoir budget on high (160) meters above sea level and from this reservoir is connected to water to the area in and around Tripoli, in addition to the territory of the fertile plain Alajafarh.

The third stage

This phase aims to add (1.68) million cubic meters of water a day-to-energy first and second phases will be pumping this amount of additional field wells in the basin of the infidels, and composed this stage of the three lines, first heading to the south of Green Mountain and ventralis and the second stems from the infidels, and joining the line north of the first phase fields Tazrbu and third connecting first and second phases.
And the completion of the Phase III project have been completed and the river’s total water-borne (6.1) million cubic meters a day.

The Great Man-Made River Pipelines to Benghazi

The Great Man-Made River of Libya. The world’s biggest effort to reclaim deposits of fossil water is the Great Man-Made River in Libya, for which Gaddafi has spent billion over the past three decades building for his people and given as a gift to the Third World without any financial or help from the USA, World Bank or IMF.

Libya‘s 95% desert land is habitable because of this1,200 miles of high quality vast reservoirs of fossil water, with 1,500 wells pumping as much as 1.7 billion gallons (6.5 million cubic meters) of fresh water each day from the Sahara to cities on the Mediterranean coast— some of them 75,000 years old — which were discovered in the form of aquifersduring the 1950s oil explorationsdeep in the southern Libyan desert.

The Gaddafi Vision. Muammar Gaddafi and his Great Man-Made River Project was launched in the 1980s – an epic system of pipes, reservoirs, and engineering infrastructure is still being built. When finished, it will pump from circa 1,300 paleowater wells and move 230 million cubic feet (6.5 million cubic meters) of H2O every day. Construction of the first phase started in 1984,

False-color image of the Grand Omar Mukhtar reservoir project. Water (dark blue) residing in reservoirs appears twice in this image, in the upper right and at the bottom. Vegetation appears red, cityscape structures such as pavement and buildings appear in gray, bare ground appears tan or beige.

and cost about billion. Gaddafi spent billion (USD) – all of which solely paid for by the Libyan sovereign wealth fund.

Gaddafi and the Libyan Arab people’s aim and vision for this project: To make Libya a source of agricultural abundance, capable of producing adequate food and water to supply its own needs and to share with neighboring countries. In short, self-sufficiency for Libya.

The Great Man-Made River, is the largest water transport project ever undertaken in the world, and has been described as the “eighth wonder of the world”. There are four major underground basins: The Kufra basin, the Sirt basin, the Morzuk basin and the Hamada basin. The first three contains combined reserves of 35,000 cubic kilometers of water. It carries more than five million cubic meters of water per day across the desert to coastal areas, vastly increasing the amount of arable land. The estimate amount of water in the Nile River? 200 years. Thus, the vast reserves offer almost unlimited amounts of water for the Libyan people, which also can be shared to the Middle East and Africa.

The Western Business Multi-Agendas.Virtually unknown to the world, this incredibly huge and impressive Gaddafi and Libya water project rivals and surpasses all the greatest development projects by so-called “advanced” countries, particularly the West.

London and Washington circles were extremely indignant about the Libyan water project. The London Financial Times ran criticisms of the project from Angus Henley of the London-based Middle East Economic Digest, “Qaddafi’s pet project. He wants to be seen as something other than the scourge of the West.” The Financial Times called the project Qaddafi’s “pipedream,” stating that critics may be awed by the engineering involved, “But they regard the dream as a monument to vanity that makes little economic sense in a country where the U.N. Development Program says 94.6% of territory is desert wasteland.”

That is the official global mass media cosmetic mask version of the naysayers.

The real truth for the apoplectic attack? The West simply refuses to recognize that a small country, with a population no more than six million, can construct anything such awe-inspiring and mind-blowing large project without borrowing a single cent from the international banks. The Great Socialist People’s Libyan Arab Jamahiriya has liquid cash and owes no debt to any nation nor institution. All due to Gaddafi’s leadership and stewardship of Libyan oil earned assets.

The Great Man-Made River project and its objectives fly in the face of the water-control schemes sanctioned by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). World Bank, IMF and the U.S. State Department only backs and promotes their politically favored projects like that “Middle East Water Summit” in Turkey, desalination plants in Saudi Arabia and water shortages elsewhere.

A prime example of “great projects” that these institutions have blocked work on is the Jonglei Canal–the huge ditch that was designed as a straight channel on the upper White Nile in southern Sudan. The Jonglei Canal, which stands half-finished and abandoned at present, would have drained swamplands, aided agriculture, transportation, power resources, and health, and provided expanded flow to the Nile River all the way down to Egypt.

Over the last 20 years, the water improvement projects envisioned for Egypt, which could provide more water and more hectares of agricultural and residential land, have been repeatedly sabotaged by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, and the Anglo-American financial interests behind them.

U.S. also invested million to Jordan in order to tap Jordan’s last primary water reserve, the Disi aquifer, on the border with Saudi Arabia.?Jordan hopes that the country’s large fossil-water resources can help stem its chronic water shortage.?The project envisions a system that can move 3.5 billion cubic feet (99 million cubic meters) of water each year over a mostly uphill, 200-mile-long (320 kilometer-long) stretch from the remote southern desert to the capital city of Amman.

Gaddafi and Libya build their Dream. Libyans are a proud people and no one, who is not a Libyan, tells them what to do. Thus, Gaddafi and the Libyan Arab people went ahead with their dream of self-sufficiency with no care for anyone’s approval, and especially, not the West.

Under the guidance of their “Father” Gaddafi, the people of Libya Arab Jamahiriya, initiated a series of scientific studies on the possibility of accessing this vast ocean of fresh water, i.e. fossil water. Considerations on new agricultural projects close to the sources of the water, in the desert were also simultaneously being developed. However, they realized that the project a very large infrastructure organization and necessitates a major redistribution of the population from the coastal belt. The alternative was to ‘bring the water to the people’.

In October 1983, the Great Man-made River Authority was created and invested with the responsibility of taking water from the aquifers in the south, and conveying it by the most economical and practical means for use, predominantly for irrigation, in the Libyan coastal belt.

South Korean construction experts built the huge pipes in Libya by some of the most modern techniques. The engineering feat involves collecting water from 270 wells in east central Libya, and transporting it through about 2,000 kilometers of pipeline to Benghazi and Sirte. The new “river” brings 2 million cubic meters of water a day. At completion, the system will involve 4,000 kilometers of pipepines, and two aqueducts of some 1,000 kilometers.

By 1996 the Great Man-Made River Project had reached one of its final stages, the gushing forth of sweet unpolluted water to the homes and gardens of the citizens of Libya’s capital Tripoli. A gala inauguration ceremony, marked the end of Phase I of the project, was held in Libya at the end of August, at which Libyan leaders “turned on the tap” of the Great Man-Made River, the water pipeline/viaduct project designed to bring millions of liters of water from beneath the Sahara Desert, northward to the Benghazi region on the Mediterranean coast.

The Great Man-Made River (GMR) is a network of pipes that supplies water to the Sahara Desert in Libya, from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System fossil aquifer. It is the world’s largest irrigation project. It is the largest underground network of pipes and aqueducts in the world. It consists of more than 1,300 wells, most more than 500 m deep, and supplies 6,500,000 m3 of fresh water per day to the cities of Tripoli, Benghazi, Sirt and elsewhere.

Dozens of Arab and African heads of state and hundreds of other foreign diplomats and delegations joined in celebrating the inauguration of the artificial river, like Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, King Hassan of Morocco, the head of Sudan, Gen. Omar El Beshir, and Djibouti’s President Hassan Julied. Louis Farrakhan, who took part in the opening ceremony, described the Great Man-Made River as “another miracle in the desert.”

Gaddafi presented the project to the cheering crowd as a “gift to the Third World”. Speaking at the inaugural ceremony, addressing an audience that included Libyans and many foreign guests, Col. Gaddafi said, the project “was the biggest answer to America… who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism. After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double…. The United States will make excuses, [but] the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.”

The Miracle’s viable projectiles. Over 95% of Libya is desert, and the new water sources can open up thousands of hectares of irrigated farmland. At present over 80% of the country’s agriculture production comes from the coastal regions, where local aquifers have been overpumped, and salt water intrusion is taking place. The Great Man-Made River will relieve this. The water now flowing will immediately supplement supplies for domestic and industrial needs in Benghazi and Sirte. In this giant scheme, water is pumped from aquifers under the Sahara in the southern part of the country, where underground water resources extend into Egypt and Sudan. Then the water is transported by reinforced concrete pipeline to northern destinations.

Consisting of a network of pipes buried underground to eliminate evaporation, four meters in diameter, the project extends for four thousand kilometres far deep into the desert. All material is locally engineered and manufactured. Underground water is pumped from 270 wells hundreds of meters deep into reservoirs that feed the network. The cost of one cubic meter of water equals 35 cents. The cubic meter of desalinized water is

Libyan officials plan for 80% of the overall project’s flow to eventually be used for irrigating old farms, and reclaiming some desert lands. Since 20% of Libya’s imports are foodstuffs, expanded water supplies are a means to greater self-sufficiency.

Gaddafi and the Neighborly issues. Mubarak spoke at the 1996 Great Man-Made River Inaugural ceremony and stressed the regional importance of the project. Gaddafi called on Egyptian farmers to come and work in Libya, where there are only 4 million inhabitants at the time. Egypt’s population of 55 million is crowded in narrow bands along the Nile River and delta region.

In the 1970s, Qaddafi expelled many Egyptian families from Libya, but over the recent years the two countries have become close once again. There were plans to build a railway line to facilitate the two nations travel back and forth. There was also a standing commission plans between Sudan and Libya for integrating economic activity.

But even with that 1,800 miles of giant hydrological enterprise in operation, Libya still depends on foreign markets for three-quarters of its grain. To make his desert nation self-sufficient in food, Gaddafi made some long-term deals with nearby countries to grow food for Libya.

The Western African state of Mali has become dependent on Libya for aid and investment, funding its government buildings, hotels, and other high-profile infrastructure. Thus, a secret deal was struck between Mali’s president, Amadou Toumani Toure, and Libya’s Colonel Gaddafi became the solution to enhance Libyan food security by receiving 50 years worth of undisclosed rights, paid by the Libya Africa Portfolio Fund for Investment. Libyan-controlled organization called Malibya oversees the Libyan enterprise: A canal stretching 25 miles north from the River Niger to 250,000 acres of proposed irrigated land at the edge of the marshes, to divert large amounts of Niger River water for extensive irrigation upstream. It was dug in 2010 by Chinese contractors, who are now preparing the first 15,000 acres of fields.

The scale of the project is astounding. The director general of Malibya, Abdalilah Youssef, boasted in 2008 that the canal could supply up to 4 cubic kilometers of water a year to the enterprise’s fields of rice, tomatoes, and fodder crops for cattle. The current take for all other existing irrigation projects is 2.7 cubic kilometers a year, it grabs as much as 210 cubic meters a second, potentially more than doubling the amount of water taken from the river for irrigation.

Larger than Belgium, it is Africa’s second-largest floodplain and one of its most unique wetlands. Seen from space, it is an immense smudge of green and blue on the edge of the Sahara.

It will dry the Niger river that feeds the inland delta, diminishing the seasonal floods that support rich biodiversity — and thriving agriculture and fisheries vital to a million of Mali’s poorest citizens. The inland Niger delta of Mali is a unique wetland ecosystem that supports a million farmers, fishermen, and herders and a rich diversity of wildlife. It nurtures abundant fish for the Bozo people, who lay their nets in every waterway and across the lakes. As the waters recede, they leave wet soils in which the Bambara people plant millet and rice, and they expose vast aquatic pastures of bourgou (or hippo grass) that sustain cattle and goats brought by nomadic Fulani herders from as far away as Mauritania and Burkina Faso. The rights to harvest the delta’s fish and graze pastures are based on long-standing custom neither known nor recognized beyond its borders.

“More people will lose than win from most irrigation projects in Mali. These projects will decrease food security by damaging the livelihoods of those most vulnerable. What they are trying to do at the moment makes no sense because there is simply not enough water.”

Jane Madgwick, CEO of Netherlands-basedWetlands International

engineers at the Office du Niger — an agency created by presidential fiat to develop land upstream of the inner Niger delta — admit they are struggling to maintain the minimum flow of 40 cubic meters a second down the Niger to the delta during the dry season, when an estimated 70 percent of river flow goes to farms rather than the wetland. The effects of taking more could be catastrophic on the floating forests and bourgou pastures at the heart of the delta’s ecosystems and human livelihoods.

A vital green resource for both humans and wildlife on the edge of the Sahara, the delta is a wintering ground for millions of migrating European birds and is vital to the flow of the Niger River and its fisheries. All this is threatened by the Libyan project. For example, planned dams and diversions will reduce the growth of the important bourgou grasses by almost two-thirds, according to a study by Leo Zwarts, a water management expert for the Dutch government.

THE BUSINESS OF BLUE GOLD

The lack of usable water worldwide has made it more valuable than oil. The water industry is the third world’s biggest industry, generating as much as billion in revenue each year, trailing only electricity and oil.

Companies worldwide have looked at water for the last 20 years as an exciting viable vehicles with which people can buy into the asset. However, the prospects are slim for creation of water futures or some other way to invest directly in the commodity since it is politically sensitive. Most water supplies are owned by governments, reducing the chances for investments. The cost of water is usually set by government agencies and local regulators.

It is important to note that international financial institutions (World Bank and IMF) have forced many countries to sell their public water utilities to big water corporations.

Water Fund. Water already is rising in value faster than many commodities. The 35 percent annual return over three years for the Bloomberg water index beats the 27 percent return for the Bloomberg World Basic Materials Index, which includes 239 companies that produce commodities such as copper, aluminum, paper and steel. Both indexes peaked in May. The water index is down 12 percent since then, and the basic materials stocks are down 17 percent.

It is a finite resource that doesn’t trade on commodity exchanges yet hedge fund managers like Hans Peter Portner, who manages a billion Water Fund at Pictet Asset Management in Geneva whose fund jumped 26 percent last year, forecasts annual returns of 8 percent through 2020. Pictet follows price trends in California, the most populous U.S. state, where increases have averaged 6.3 percent a year from 1989 to 2005. Oil gained an average 7.7 percent over that period based on futures contracts traded on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

General Electric Co. Chairman Jeffrey Immelt says “scarce” clean water worldwide will more than double the revenue he gets from water purification and treatment to billion by 2010.

Jim Rogers, former hedge fund partner of George Soros gave an interview with the BCC, on January 2011, where he talked about the great investment opportunities in water, “Water is going to be a great growth industry, because India has a huge water problem, China does, America does. Many places have big water problems, so huge fortunes will be made in water in the future.”

Just like many hedge fund money managers, Jim Rogers sees great opportunity in the companies that provide the water infrastructure. However, owning actual water rights may be politically risky, “Countries can survive civil war, epidemics, all sorts of things, but one thing the countries cannot survive is that they run out of water. China has a terrible water problem in the north as does India, which has an even worse problem. So if you can figure out a way to transport it, pump it, clean it, whatever you got to do, you will make a lot of money in water.”

NOTE: Recently, Carlyle Group purchased a California and Montana water companies. They also now submitted their IPO plans, and JP Morgan with 2 other banks handle the underwriting.

Pickens’s Plan. Pickens, the Dallas hedge fund manager and oil billionaire, spent more than million for water rights around his 24,000- acre ranch in North Texas. He has enough water to serve 20 percent of the Dallas-Fort Worth area. Currently, he is trying to convince Texas cities to buy his water, and needs a commitment before he can build a billion pipeline system.

Guy Hands’s buyout firm, Terra Firma Capital Partners Ltd. in London, is one of several private equity investors interested in buying RWE AG’s Thames Water Plc unit, the Daily Mail reported June 24, without saying where it got the information. Thames, the largest U.K. water company with 13 million customers in London and southeast England, may sell shares to the public as early as October, the newspaper said.

Veolia, Suez. The two biggest water companies are Veolia and Suez, both based in Paris. Veolia owns utilities that provide water and sewer service to 110 million people. The company, whose shares are up 26 percent in the past year, owns the transport and energy services businesses spun off by Vivendi.

After the spinoff in 2000, Messier, 49, reduced Vivendi’s stake in the 152-year-old old water company to raise cash for his entertainment empire. In the five years ending May 31, the average annual return for Veolia is little changed, while Vivendi shares have lost 16 percent.

Vivendi had the biggest loss in French history in 2001, after Messier’s billion spending spree. Vivendi shares lost as much as 94 percent of their value between March 2000 and August 2002. Messier founded Messier Partners, an advisory bank, after leaving Vivendi in July 2002.

Shares of Suez, which has agreed to be bought by Gaz de France, jumped 37 percent in the past year. Suez was created in the 1997 merger of the company that built the Suez Canal and Lyonnaise des Eaux, a drinking water and sewage system provider. Suez since then shed its U.S. water chemicals businesses and sold the Northumbrian Water unit in the U.K. to investors, including the Ontario Teachers’ Pension Plan.

NOTE: Belgium’s richest man, Albert Frere, has a 2.7 billion-euro ( billion) investment in water and energy through his stake in Suez SA, the world’s second-biggest owner of water utilities after Veolia Environnement, spun off by Vivendi in 2000.

General Electric, the world’s most valuable company after ExxonMobil Corp., is for its water division to invest in desalinization and purification plants in countries that lack freshwater. Saudi Arabia, the world’s biggest source of oil, is a potential customer.

In Algeria, a GE desalination plant provides 50 million gallons of drinking water a day for a nearby city. They got a pipeline of 50 to 60 more of those projects in Algeria in Spain, in the Middle East, in India, in China.

POINTS TO PONDER

Water is not only essential for life, but for growing food as well. But while the global demand for water is on the rise, the supply is shrinking. Fossil water can only fill critical temporary needs. Water-intensive industrial agriculture, urban and industrial pollution, breakneck industrial development and other ecological threats are depleting freshwater supplies.

Fossil Water threats. In a very arid region people, where water is scarce, there’s no room to argue how old the water is, but in semi-arid areas, the ability to delineate between fossil water and replenished groundwater is always important. Globally, wells are often drilled to about 320 feet (100 meters) and only the top couple of meters of that are recent water. Bringing fossil water to the surface also causes other water quality issues. When aquifers are depleted, it is subject to an influx of surrounding contaminants such as saltwater—a particular problem near coastal areas. Just as in oil fields, depleting fossil water aquifers too quickly can and will reduce underground pressures and render large quantities of water essentially irretrievable.

The other threats are also the radioactive isotopes that have been present in Earth’s atmosphere only since humans initiated the nuclear era. Water is contaminated naturally by sandstone, which has slowly leached radioactive contaminants over the eons. Fortunately, scientists say radiation contamination can be fixed through a simple water-softening process, though it does cost money and creates radioactive waste that must be disposed of properly.

Radiation contamination has been found in Jordan, Israel, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Libya. Jordan’s Disi fossil water was recently found to contain 20 times higher than normal, which is not unusual according to geochemists and water-quality experts. Its radiation levels are still considered safe for drinking.

Saudi Arabia has also attempted tapping fossil waters. Like the Jordanians, the Saudis already draw water for drinking and agriculture from the Disi, which Saudis call the Saq aquifer. But the reality is, Saudi kingdom needs to spend more than billion by 2025 on desalinization plants and sewer facilities as its population grows to about 30 million by 2020 from about 26 million today.

In northern India, where New Delhi and Jaipur are draining fossil-water reserves along with water recharged by the annual monsoons, scientists measured their aquifer usage and paints us a disturbing picture.

FACT: It takes 634 gallons (2,400 liters) of water to produce one hamburger, 37 gallons (140 liters) for a cup of coffee, and 1,082 gallons (4,096 liters) to make a cotton t-shirt.

As water becomes less accessible, so does food. Of the less than 1 percent of freshwater available for human use, 70 percent of it goes toward growing food and raising animals. Fresh water for irrigation is never returned to underground basins. Most is lost through leaks and evaporation. Food is also a means by which water is moved, or imported and exported, around the world. Water has much in common with oil. Some countries have sufficient, others don’t. Both water and energy are key inputs into any economy, so countries without the basic source will depend on other countries that do have it. North Africa and the Middle East, but also countries like Mexico and Japan are heavily dependent on the import of water-intensive commodities.

You may find that the rice you bought today was grown in a dry region of Jordan with the help of highly engineered, but not always very efficient, irrigation systems. For example, northern China annually exports to south China about 1.8 trillion cubic feet (52 billion cubic meters) of water indirectly through foodstuffs and other products.

In 2008 a long-running program to sustain a nascent wheat industry with fossil water was scrapped; it simply sucked up too much rare water. Thus, the Saudi government will rely entirely on wheat imports by 2016.

As the Third World gets richer, it eats more, particularly more meat. To produce one ton of meat takes 7 tons of corn. To produce 7 tons of corn takes 7,000 gallons of water. According to the International Food Policy Research Institute, the use of freshwater for human consumption, agriculture and industry may rise 22 percent by 2025, compared with 1995 levels.

Thus, it is important to remember the global economic and financial impact – as the price of water rises, the price of agricultural (food) commodities prices.

Time — and Water are Running Out. A NASA study found that humans are using more water than rains can replenish, and area groundwater levels declined by an average of one foot (30 centimeters) per year between 2002 and 2008.

We underestimate our water resources and the inefficiency in aiding nations is also causing trans-border political issues such as Darfur and Mali. Many are not also aware of the long-standing controversial dispute between Egypt and upstream African nations over who has rights to the waters of the Nile and its profound consequences for the ecological health of the river and for one of the world’s largest tropical wetlands.

Moreover, if parts of the Sahara and Sahel deserts’ irrigation patterns, crop patterns, and changes in soil after pumping water are examined, the exploitation going on in terms of water or hydrocarbons show signs that there is a minute lowering of the land surface. NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites confirms that when underground reservoir levels change, they slightly alter Earth’s gravitational field.

Water infrastructure and measures. According to World Water Council in Marseilles, circa billion a year needs to be invested in water infrastructure in developing countries such as China and India, double the amount that’s being spent now.

More efficient irrigation practices, such as drip and micro-sprinklers, can reduce the volume of water applied to agricultural fields by 30-70 percent and can increase crop yields by 20-90 percent. Drip irrigation is used on less than 2 percent of irrigated land worldwide and reducing U.S. irrigation demands by even 10 percent could free up enough freshwater to meet the new urban and industrial water demands anticipated for 2025.

We cannot afford to take anything for granted anymore and must understand that humans and nature can live not just in harmony but in synergy. Thus, it is of urgent importance to implement global water conservation measures, water-availability information, critical resources and new technologies to help nations work together. Our failure to act now will have repercussions for the fate and survival of the human race and every form of life on this planet.

—

http://www.theecologist.org/News/news_analysis/2869234/war_crime_nato_deliberately_destroyed_libyas_water_infrastructure.html

Deprived of piped water supply by NATO’s bombing of critical infrastructure, a man in post-invasion Libya fills up a bottle of water from a muddy puddle. Photo: British Red Cross.

War Crime: NATO Deliberately Destroyed Libya’s Water Infrastructure

By Nafeez Ahmed, The Ecologist | Report 14 MAY 2015

The military targeting of civilian infrastructure, especially of water supplies, is a war crime under the Geneva Conventions. Yet this is precisely what NATO did in Libya,while blaming the damage on Gaddafi himself. Since then, the country’s water infrastructure – and the suffering of its people – has only deteriorated further.

Numerous reports comment on the water crisis that is escalating across Libya as consumption outpaces production. Some have noted the environmental context in regional water scarcity due to climate change.

But what they ignore is the fact that the complex national irrigation system that had been carefully built and maintained over decades to overcome this problem was targeted and disrupted by NATO.

During the 2011 military invasion, press reports surfaced, mostly citing pro-rebel sources, claiming that pro-Gaddafi loyalists had shut down the water supply system as a mechanism to win the war and punish civilians.

This is a lie.

But truth, after all, is the first casualty of war – especiallyfor mainstream media journos who can’t be bothered to fact-check the claims of people they interview in war zones, while under pressure from editors to produce copy that doesn’t rock too many boats.

Critical Water Installations Bombed – ThenBlamed on Gaddafi

It was in fact NATO which debilitated Libya’s water supply by targeting critical state-owned water installations, including a water-pipe factory in Brega.

The factory, one of just two in the country (the other one being in al-Qathafi’s home-town of Sirte), manufactured pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes for the Great Manmade River (GMR) project, an ingenious irrigation system transporting water from aquifers beneath Libya’s southern desert to about 70% of the population.

On 18th July, a rebel commander boasted that some of Gaddafi’s troops had holed up in industrial facilities in Brega, but that rebels had blocked their access to water:“Their food and water supplies are cut and they now will not be able to sleep.”

In other words, the rebels, not Gaddafi loyalists, hadsabotaged the GMR water pipeline into Brega. On 22nd July, NATO followed up by bombing the Brega water-pipes factory on the pretext that it was a Gaddafi “military storage” facility concealing rocket launchers.

“Major parts of the plant have been damaged”, said Abdel-Hakim el-Shwehdy, head of the company running the project. “There could be major setback for the future projects.”

Legitimate Military Target Left Untouched in the Attack

When asked to provide concrete evidence of ‘Gaddafi loyalists’ firing from inside the water-pipe factory, NATO officials failed to answer. Instead, NATO satellite images shown to journalists confirm that a BM-21 rocket launcher identified near the facility days earlier, remained perfectly intact the day after the NATO attack.

Earlier, NATO forces had already bombed water facilities in Sirte, killing several “employees of the state water utility who were working during the attack.”

By August, UNICEF reported that the conflict had “put the Great Manmade River Authority, the primary distributor of potable water in Libya, at risk of failing to meet the country’s water needs.”

The same month, Agence France Presse reported that the GMR “could be crippled by the lack of spare parts and chemicals” – reinforced by NATO’s destruction of water installations critical to the GMR in Sirte and Brega.

The GMR is now “struggling to keep reservoirs at a level that can provide a sustainable supply”, UN officials said.“If the project were to fail, agencies fear a massive humanitarian emergency.”

Christian Balslev-Olesen, UNICEF Libya’s head of office,warned that the city faced “an absolute worst-case scenario” that “could turn into an unprecedented health epidemic” without resumption of water supplies.

Stratfor Email: “So Much Shit Doesn’t Add UpHere”

While pro-rebel sources attempted to blame ‘Gaddafi loyalists’ for the disruption of Libya’s water supply, leaked emails from the US intelligence contractor Stratfor, which publicly endorsed these sources, show that the firm privately doubted its own claims.

“So much shit doesn’t add up here”, wrote Bayless Parsley, Stratfor’s Middle East analyst, in an email to executives. “I am pretty much not confident in ANY of the sources … If anything, just need to be very clear how contradictory all the information is on this project … a lot of the conclusions drawn from it are not really air tight.”

But the private US intelligence firm, which has played a key role in liaising with senior Pentagon officials in facilitating military intelligence operations, was keenly aware of what the shutdown of the GMR would mean for Libya’s population:

“Since the first phase of the ‘river’s’ construction in 1991, Libya’s population has doubled. Remove that river and, well, there would likely be a very rapid natural correction back to normal carrying capacities.”

“How often do Libyans bathe? You’d have drinking water for a month if you skipped a shower”, joked Kevin Stech, a Stratfor research director. “Seriously. Cut the baths and the showers and your well water should suffice for drinking and less-than-optional hygiene.”

The Truth – Government Officials Were Trying to Keep Water Flowing

Meanwhile, UNICEF confirmed that Libyan government officials were not sabotaging water facilities, but in fact working closely with a UN technical team to “facilitate an assessment of water wells, review urgent response options and identify alternatives for water sources.”

Nevertheless, by September, UNICEF reported that the disruption to the GMR had left 4 million Libyans without potable water.

The GMR remains disrupted to this day, and Libya’s national water crisis continues to escalate.

The deliberate destruction of a nation’s water infrastructure, with the knowledge that doing so would result in massive deaths of the population as a direct consequence, is not simply a war crime, but potentially a genocidal strategy.

It raises serious questions about the conventional mythology of a clean, humanitarian war in Libya – questions that mainstream journalists appear to be uninterested in, or unable to ask.

_________________________________

AUTHOR: Lady Michelle Jennifer Santos – TSR Founder & Publisher and Strategy

—

REPAIRING THE GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER for the FARMS of the GHASHER VALLEY:

Chinese company resumed its existing installed a water network Great Manmade River project area Aiith the

coastal strip Qsirn the Gasheer these days Saturday market neighborhood and connect the rest of the

network to the farms Qasr bin Ghashir fully ..

PICTURE: “On 03 September 1991, Colonel Muammar Gaddafi attends the inauguration of the dam and reservoir Sirt, near Benghazi, marking the end of the second phase of a proposed 10.2€ billion which will feed coastal cities and irrigation of desert areas.”
(STAGE 3 was completed, but never stages 4 & 5 because NATO interrupted it!) There are now, problems at the

BENGHAZI VALLEY DAM DROPPER (FLOOD VALLEY FOR THE DAM):

Construction in the course of the valley dropper Benghazi threatens flood

“Atmosphere of the country” – Ahmad Azaaeljk

The Director General of the Public Authority for Water “Mahdi follicular” The construction of the stream valley dropper change causes the stream of water in the valley, putting the city at risk in the event of heavy rains.

Warning
He added, “follicular” to the atmosphere of the country on Thursday that the section of the eastern region warned citizens and local city and the security of the building in the course of the valley of the dropper.

The head of the branch of the eastern region, “Abdul Qader Suisse” that some citizens have to build on both sides of the farm in the Hawari Gaddafi and entered in the course of the valley of the dropper.

Cliff buildings
He stressed, “Suisse” to the atmosphere of the country that in case of heavy rain or a malfunction in the dam secondary – which a capacity of three million cubic meters – the water will enter a stream valley and washed away buildings, explaining that the buildings in the sinkhole may lead to a change in the direction of the water to Benghazi leads to flooding rather than heading towards the sea.

He noted the “Suisse” that the authority has warned security authorities a week ago and directed its warning to citizens on Thursday across the Channel and the National News Agency of Libya.

Stopped working
And the head of Eastern Region Branch administration Valley Dam Dropper occupied by the “young militants are taking advantage of the place of sugar,” which led to the suspension of work management since last year, pointing out that the branch demanded the security authorities to act with this group as soon as the occupation of the building, as he put it.

The capacity of the dam and the valley of the dropper hundred and ten million cubic meters, and the mission is to protect Benghazi from flooding and stock feed underground Lori Valley Farms dropper.

البناء في مجرى وادي القطارة يهدد بنغازي بالفيضان
أجواء لبلاد – أحمد الزعيليك

قال مدير عام الهيئة العامة للمياه “المهدي الجريبي” إن البناء في مجرى وادي القطارة يسبب تغيير مجرى المياه في الوادي مما يعرض المدينة للخطر في حال هطول أمطار غزيرة.

تحذير
وأضاف “الجريبي” لأجواء لبلاد اليوم الخميس أن فرع المنطقة الشرقية حذر المواطنين ومحلي المدينة والأجهزة الأمنية من البناء في مجرى وادي القطارة.

وأوضح رئيس فرع المنطقة الشرقية “عبد القادر سويسي” أن بعض المواطنين قاموا بالبناء على جانبي مزرعة القذافي في منطقة الهواري ودخلوا في مجرى وادي القطارة.

جرف المباني
وأكد “سويسي” لأجواء لبلاد أنه في حالة هطول أمطار غزيرة أو حدوث خلل في السد الثانوي -الذي يسع ثلاثة ملايين متر مكعب- فإن المياه ستتجمع في مجرى الوادي وتجرف المباني، موضحا أن المباني في المجرى قد تؤدي إلى تغير اتجاه المياه إلى بنغازي ما يؤدي إلى غمرها بدلا من اتجاهها نحو البحر .

ونوه “سويسي” إلى أن الهيئة حذرت الجهات الأمنية منذ أسبوع ووجهت تحذيرها إلى المواطنين اليوم الخميس عبر القناة الوطنية ووكالة الأنباء الليبية.

توقف العمل
وبين رئيس فرع المنطقة الشرقية أن إدارة سد وادي القطارة محتلة من قبل “شباب مسلحين يستغلون المكان للسكر” ما أدى إلى توقف العمل بالإدارة منذ العام الماضي، مشيرا إلى أن الفرع طالب الجهات الأمنية بالتصرف مع هذه المجموعة فور احتلال المبنى، حسب تعبيره.

وتبلغ سعة سد وادي القطارة مائة وعشرة ملايين متر مكعب وتتلخص مهمته في حماية بنغازي من الفيضان وتغذية المخزون الجوفي وري مزارع وادي القطارة.

مصدر الخريطة التي توضح سد وادي القطارة : خرائط جوجل

Source map illustrating

: Google Maps

Mu’ammar al-Qathafi writing on a first water tank of GMMR Project:

https://www.facebook.com/notes/christella-bernardene-krebs/links-to-my-pages-on-the-great-man-made-river-project-of-muammar-al-qathafi/339379326177081

__________________________________________

16 thoughts on “La grande rivière artificielle / The GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER”

theorbo1 says:

13 February 2013 at 13 h 09 min

https://www.facebook.com/notes/christella-bernardene-krebs/links-to-my-pages-on-the-great-man-made-river-project-of-muammar-al-qathafi/339379326177081

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theorbo1 says:

13 March 2013 at 20 h 26 min

BIG RATS POISON THE GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER to make good on their vocal threats last month!

THE HORROR OF THE RATS: THEY ARE IN THE PROCESS OF DEMOLISHING EVERYTHING MUAMMAR MADE OR ACCOMPOLISHED!!
No matter what the cost or benefit to mankind..and erasing his name from all history:

“THE RATS are in the process of destroying every thing Muammar made or accomplished including the Man Made River Project, all his mosques, the Gaddafi Towers, the light Tower and all else that he has put his name to. EVERYTHING!!!”
Leonor Massanet Arbona

PLEASE! SOMETHING MUST BE DONE ASAP!!!!

It is like what the Egyptians did Pharaoh AKHANATON
All the RATS know is destruction and death .. Murder, murder, destruction and death .. This gives them power!
Such EVIL— and some people still refuse to see that this is Satanic!

All the vegetation, crops, animals and humans throughout North Africa are now affected by this!

Even if all Yanks were gone; the damage done is for BILLIONS of years….we so-far have no “cure”!
THIS CERTAINLY IS SATANIC

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theorbo1 says:

13 March 2013 at 22 h 48 min

The Embassies of America / Britain / Germany / France / Netherlands in Libya Received the Following Message:
External messages from their countries is as follows:
Not to use Great Man Made River water in industrial washing or drinking and cooking.
These warnings come as part of intelligence arrived in the intelligence of those States that the disappearance of large amounts of the substance Methanol from the Military Metiga to Libya and that militant groups have gotten on that substance and seek to use it in water sources say also to some cities.
This information has been published on the website of the U.S. intelligence agency CIA today that mass killings, in the past two days in Libya there was an incident with Wines affixed with the substance of Methanol.
Its believed that a group of security leader extremist in the facilities of Matiga Military Airport, West Libyan capital, and the next planned to poison water sources within Capital to create a state of confusion and chaos and pull the eyes of Western intelligence Street penetration radical jihad movement inside Libya.
http://libyaagainstsuperpowermedia.com/2013/03/13/the-embassies-of-america-britain-germany-france-netherlands-in-libya-received-the-following-message/
تلقت
سفارات كل من :: امريكا / بريطانيا / المانيا / فرنسا / هولندا / بليبيا
رسائل من خارجية دولهم تقضي بعدم استعمال مياه النهر الصناعي في الغسيل او
الطبخ اوال شرب وتأتي تلك التحذيرات في اطار معلومات استخباراتيه وصلت
لمخابرات تلك الدول مفادها اختفاء كميات كبيره من مادة ال مثانول من قواعد
عسكريه ذاخل ليبيا وان جماعات متشدده قد حصلت على تلك المادة وتسعى
لاستخدامها في مصادر المياه التي تغدي بعض المدن واضافة المعلومات التي
نشرت على موقع وكالة المخابرات الامريكيه CIA اليوم ان عمليات قتل جماعي
تمت خلال اليوميين الماضيين بليبيا عن طريق توزيع خمور مضافه اليها مادة
ال مثانول من قبل قيادات امنية متطرفه تسير بعض مرافق الامن ذاخل طرابلس
الغرب العاصمة الليبيه ، وان المخطط القادم تسميم مصادر المياه داخل
العاصمة لخلق حالة من الارتباك والفوضى وسحب اعين المخابرات الغربيه
والشارع عن تغلغل التيار الجهادي المتطرف داخل ليبيا.

theorbo1 says:

2 May 2013 at 2 h 23 min

Publishing the Truth and real Facts about Muammar Al Gaddafi. Part of his life commitment for the Libyan people is the Great Man Made River!

Libyans in Benghazi enjoyed as first Libyans fresh water from the GMMR project. 1996 followed by Tripoli. Unfortunately, the project got not further, than phase III. Our special thanks to NATO and “United” Nations Security Council for that!

theorbo1 says:

20 May 2013 at 0 h 42 min

theorbo1 says:

12 June 2013 at 23 h 10 min

[video src="http://videos.videopress.com/BV8LTfZP/doku-libyens-wc3bcstenwasser-der-kc3bcnstliche-fluss-durch-die-sahara-great-man-made-river-libya_fmt1.ogv" /]

theorbo1 says:

14 June 2013 at 23 h 43 min

theorbo1 says:

6 August 2013 at 12 h 58 min

We dug the desert and the mountains of Libya with fresh water, They Ihvrunha the blood and hatred. We are the real people of Libya.
نحن حفرنا صحراء وجبال ليبيا بالماء العذب، وهم يحفرونها بالدم والحقد. نحن أهل ليبيا الحقيقيين.

theorbo1 says:

9 August 2013 at 23 h 52 min

NATO blew-up the BREGA plant with all the templates.

The Great Man-Made River ((achievements of the Great Revolution)) as an English translator ((Report No. 2)).

Media Committee for the battalion men of the current situation

theorbo1 says:

6 November 2013 at 21 h 25 min

theorbo1 says:

6 November 2013 at 21 h 26 min

theorbo1 says:

6 November 2013 at 21 h 28 min

theorbo1 says:

6 November 2013 at 21 h 33 min

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the GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER PROJECT of Mu’ammar al-Qathafi

Great Man Made River – the Great Man-Made River

Great-Man-Made-River

Gaber own lake creation of Great Manmade River Project:

Great-Man-Made-River

Home – GMMR

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Get In Touch

Great Man made River Project Libya Absolutely Amazing

Great Man Made River Project Libya

Libya – Great Man Made River Project

World Water Day: How Gaddafi’s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars

Gaddafi’s dream

Development and destruction

Water Wars

How Gaddafi`s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars

How Gaddafi`s Great Man-Made River Project became part of the Water Wars

Libyans called it the eighth wonder of the world. Western media called it a pet project and the pipe dream of a mad dog. The “mad dog”himself in 1991 prophetically said about the largest civil engineering venture in the world:

After this achievement, American threats against Libya will double. The United States will make excuses, but the real reason is to stop this achievement, to keep the people of Libya oppressed.

Gaddafi’s dream

In 1996, during the opening of Phase II of the Great Man-Made River Project, Gaddafi said:

This is the biggest answer to America and all the evil forces who accuse us of being concerned with terrorism. We are only concerned with peace and progress. America is against life and progress; it pushes the world toward darkness.

Development and destruction

In 1999, UNESCO accepted Libya’s offer to fund the Great Man-Made River International Water Prize, an award that rewards remarkable scientific research work on water usage in arid areas.

The construction on the last two phases of the Great Man-Made River Project were scheduled to continue over the next two decades, but NATO’s war on Libya has thrown the project’s future – and the well-being of the Libyan people – into great jeopardy.

A German language documentary shows the size and brilliance of the project:

Water Wars

A ‘democratic‘ and ‘democracy-bringing’ government that came to power through the wounding and killing of thousands of Libyans by‘humanitarian bombs’, and that overthrow the ‘dictator’ whose dream it was to provide fresh water for all Libyans for free.

War is still peace, freedom is still slavery.

GREED OVER LIBYAN SECRET TREASURE: BLUE GOLD

War Crime: NATO Deliberately Destroyed Libya’s Water Infrastructure

By Nafeez Ahmed, The Ecologist | Report 14 MAY 2015

Numerous reports comment on the water crisis that is escalating across Libya as consumption outpaces production. Some have noted the environmental context in regional water scarcity due to climate change.

But what they ignore is the fact that the complex national irrigation system that had been carefully built and maintained over decades to overcome this problem was targeted and disrupted by NATO.

During the 2011 military invasion, press reports surfaced, mostly citing pro-rebel sources, claiming that pro-Gaddafi loyalists had shut down the water supply system as a mechanism to win the war and punish civilians.

This is a lie.

But truth, after all, is the first casualty of war – especiallyfor mainstream media journos who can’t be bothered to fact-check the claims of people they interview in war zones, while under pressure from editors to produce copy that doesn’t rock too many boats.

Critical Water Installations Bombed – ThenBlamed on Gaddafi

It was in fact NATO which debilitated Libya’s water supply by targeting critical state-owned water installations, including a water-pipe factory in Brega.

On 18th July, a rebel commander boasted that some of Gaddafi’s troops had holed up in industrial facilities in Brega, but that rebels had blocked their access to water:“Their food and water supplies are cut and they now will not be able to sleep.”

In other words, the rebels, not Gaddafi loyalists, hadsabotaged the GMR water pipeline into Brega. On 22nd July, NATO followed up by bombing the Brega water-pipes factory on the pretext that it was a Gaddafi “military storage” facility concealing rocket launchers.

“Major parts of the plant have been damaged”, said Abdel-Hakim el-Shwehdy, head of the company running the project. “There could be major setback for the future projects.”

Legitimate Military Target Left Untouched in the Attack

Earlier, NATO forces had already bombed water facilities in Sirte, killing several “employees of the state water utility who were working during the attack.”

By August, UNICEF reported that the conflict had “put the Great Manmade River Authority, the primary distributor of potable water in Libya, at risk of failing to meet the country’s water needs.”

The same month, Agence France Presse reported that the GMR “could be crippled by the lack of spare parts and chemicals” – reinforced by NATO’s destruction of water installations critical to the GMR in Sirte and Brega.

The GMR is now “struggling to keep reservoirs at a level that can provide a sustainable supply”, UN officials said.“If the project were to fail, agencies fear a massive humanitarian emergency.”

Christian Balslev-Olesen, UNICEF Libya’s head of office,warned that the city faced “an absolute worst-case scenario” that “could turn into an unprecedented health epidemic” without resumption of water supplies.

Stratfor Email: “So Much Shit Doesn’t Add UpHere”

While pro-rebel sources attempted to blame ‘Gaddafi loyalists’ for the disruption of Libya’s water supply, leaked emails from the US intelligence contractor Stratfor, which publicly endorsed these sources, show that the firm privately doubted its own claims.

But the private US intelligence firm, which has played a key role in liaising with senior Pentagon officials in facilitating military intelligence operations, was keenly aware of what the shutdown of the GMR would mean for Libya’s population:

“Since the first phase of the ‘river’s’ construction in 1991, Libya’s population has doubled. Remove that river and, well, there would likely be a very rapid natural correction back to normal carrying capacities.”

“How often do Libyans bathe? You’d have drinking water for a month if you skipped a shower”, joked Kevin Stech, a Stratfor research director. “Seriously. Cut the baths and the showers and your well water should suffice for drinking and less-than-optional hygiene.”

The Truth – Government Officials Were Trying to Keep Water Flowing

Meanwhile, UNICEF confirmed that Libyan government officials were not sabotaging water facilities, but in fact working closely with a UN technical team to “facilitate an assessment of water wells, review urgent response options and identify alternatives for water sources.”

Nevertheless, by September, UNICEF reported that the disruption to the GMR had left 4 million Libyans without potable water.

The GMR remains disrupted to this day, and Libya’s national water crisis continues to escalate.

The deliberate destruction of a nation’s water infrastructure, with the knowledge that doing so would result in massive deaths of the population as a direct consequence, is not simply a war crime, but potentially a genocidal strategy.

It raises serious questions about the conventional mythology of a clean, humanitarian war in Libya – questions that mainstream journalists appear to be uninterested in, or unable to ask.

REPAIRING THE GREAT MAN-MADE RIVER for the FARMS of the GHASHER VALLEY:

Chinese company resumed its existing installed a water network Great Manmade River project area Aiith the

coastal strip Qsirn the Gasheer these days Saturday market neighborhood and connect the rest of the

network to the farms Qasr bin Ghashir fully ..

https://www.facebook.com/notes/christella-bernardene-krebs/links-to-my-pages-on-the-great-man-made-river-project-of-muammar-al-qathafi/339379326177081

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